Modeling And Testing Of Family Ranch Optimization In Meadow Steppe Zone Of Inner Mongolia

The research focused on the family ranch of Bayanhushuo Gacha, Xinihexisumu, Ewenki Autonomous Banner, Hulunbeier League. By using the local data and analysis of farm production and business operation, average stocking rate was calculated through average area of different grassland use types and total livestock population, then the two parameters were used for the model simulation, finally we set up a typical household which is of 430 sheep units,94 ha summer pasture, and 108 ha winter pasture. We used the model which had been developed by Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS and Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. We learned from the model of Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research to simulate the status of typical household production and the balance between forage supply and animal demand. During the experiment, we adjusted the ewe lambing time, changed the type of grassland utilization, reduced the number of livestock reasonably and supplemented concentrated feed appropriately to improve and to optimize the status of typical household production and the balance between forage supply and animal demand. At the same time,3 demonstrative households and 3 control households were selected to verify the model simulation results. Demonstrative households had two kinds of measures to manage pasture, one was reducing animal number and another was supplement concentrated feed. Control household still use the traditional mode to manage the pasture and livestock.The simulation results showed that:the useful improved methods were as follows, adjusting the female lambing time to June, reducing the size of winter pasture and increasing the size of summer pasture by 30%, decreasing the livestock number of demonstrative household by 47%, supplementing concentrated feed (0.25kg·d-1) to female before a lambing month, and supplementing concentrated feed (0.5kg·d-1) to lambs before they were sold. It is an effective way to help households reaching maximum net income and to make the balance between forage supply and animal demand at an optimal level by reducing livestock number, supplementing feeding, adjusting the lambing time and changing the grassland utilization way.As a result from new technology demonstration, the net income of demonstrative household increased by an average of 1330 Chinese yuan/household, and the highest was 2400 Chinese yuan/hosehold. Meanwhile, the net income of control household decreased by an average of 5000 Chinese yuan/household. There is a significant difference (p<0.05) about net income between demonstrative household and control household. Now, the forage supply and livestock demand balance situation of demonstrative household was better than before, and the situation of control household basically was of no change.