| The utilization rate gardening plant waste residue in Ningxia is low and environmental pollution is serious; with no waste returning as CK, taking the waste residue of main plants in greenhouse in Ningxia grapes, peaches, bean, cucumber, as well as four residue mixing with equal volume for treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, by direct returning, systematic exploration is conducted on the influence of the main plants in greenhouses arbor, liana and herb returning on western celery soil quality and western celery yield; optimal returning treatment is screened out; compost returning is carried out according to the optimal treatment; two consecutive crop tests are applied; the land without returning and with regular chicken manure are considered as CK1 and CK2; design compost and soil mass ratio 1.0%,2.5%,5.0%,2.5% of composting returning treatment T1, T2, T3, T4; the effects of composting difference returning amount system on western celery soil fertilizer effect as well as the yield and quality of western celery; the returning quantity that can effectively improve soil quality and maintain western celery compost quality and efficient production are selected; theoretical basis is provided for the recycling use of gardening waste and the sustainable use of western celery soil. The results of the study are as follows:â… . The direct returning of 4 kinds of gardening waste experiment shows that:(1) The direct returning of 4 kinds of gardening waste significantly increases the soil. EC values.T3 the most significant effect of increasing soil EC value, increased by 289% and 127%.(2) The direct returning of 4 kinds of gardening waste can increase soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content during the rejuvenation period; T3 significantly increases soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus content after the stem is removed, respectively in creased by 97% and 370%; T2 significantly increases soil available potassium content, increased by 64%; T5 takes the second place, increased by 56%; T1, T3, T4 and T5 can increase soil organic matter and total nitrogen content; T1, T4 and T5 increases organic matter remarkably; T5 increases soil total nitrogen content the most significantly, creased by 16% and 28%.(3) During the rejuvenation period of western celery, the returning treatment of waste can increase soil enzyme activity; after the stem is removed, T5 significantly increases soil urease, invertase and cellulase activity; T1 and T2 increase soil invertase and cellulase activity, respectively in creased by 18%,17% and 9%,8%.(4) The direct returning of gardening waste can promote soil microbial growth and reproduction; T3, T4 and T5 increase soil bacteria, actinomyces and the total number of bacteria; T5 increases soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen significantly.(5) T2 significantly increases yield of western celery, while the difference of other returning treatment and control yield is not significant.â…¡. Gardening waste composting returning experiment shows that:(1) After compost is applied into the soil, soil pH reaches the highest during the rejuvenation period; after the stem is removed (December 25), pH declines; composting adjust soil pH in decay process; returning compost increases soil EC value, which increases with the increase of the amount of returning;(2) Gardening waste composting returning can improve soil organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients; T3 compost returning has remarkable increases effect; T1 compost returning effect is not obvious, suggesting soil nutrient content is related to compost returning quantity;(3) T3 and T4 compost returning significantly increase soil urease, invertase and cellulase and alkaline phosphatase activity; T1 and T2 compost returning reduce soil cellulase and alkaline phosphatase; T4 compost treatment significantly increases the soil enzyme activity after the stem of western celery is removed (September 25 and December 25), the December 25 respectively in creased by 228%,49%,22% and 60%, suggesting the higher amount of returning can increase soil enzyme activity more significantly;(4) Composting returning treatment increases the number of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes; the total number of bacteria T4> T3> T2> T1, dominating by bacteria, followed by actinomyces;(5) All compost treatment can increase the weight of signal western celery, fresh weight, dry weight and yield of western celery at different degrees; compost increases the accumulation of nutrients in the body of western celery; for the quality of celery, returning compost increases the total sugar content of western celery, T3 compost treatment significantly increases the Vc content of western celery, respectively in creased by 123% and 184%; T4 compost treatment increases nitrate content of western celery and is not conducive to improving the quality of western celery; two data of the two crops show that western celery has the optimal quality and good commodity under T3 compost treatment. T3 and T4 compost treatment can significantly increase western celery yield. |
