Research Of Guangxi Seedlings Substrate And Nitrogen Fertilization Way In Mechanical Transplanted Rice

Educate planting rice machinery is the inevitable direction of development of agricultural production in the future, but guangxi mechanical transplanted rice promote started relatively late, at present there are still many problems on technology, part of the key production technology problem has not been solved effectively.Firstly,this research topic about the difficulty of seedlings earth, by the guangxi rich filter mud of sugarcane, cassava dregs, bacterial chaff as raw materials mixed with the paddy soil with certain proportion, explore the development of sustainable local seedlings matrix.Test set up 9 kinds of matching matrix, and paddy soil to do comparison, by comparing the basic physical and chemical properties of different proportion matrix, above ground and under ground part agronomic traits, as well as the production performance and so on, select a suitable for seedlings and meet the requirements of the machine plug seedling ratio of matrix for field trials, proven different ratio on machine of rice growth and yield influence. Secondly, in order to further improve the mechanical transplanted rice into fertilizer of rice cultivation management technology, this subject has different ways of nitrogen management of mechanical transplanted rice growth and yield of influence were studied in test, set 1 applying fertilizer levels namely pure per acre N content of 14 kg, three nitrogen fertilization way, namely, basal, tiller and heading fertilizer ratio respectively N1 (6:3:1), N2 (5:3:2), N3(4:3:3), and set a treatment without nitrogen control area CK, aimed at proven mechanical transplanted rice suitable basal, tiller and heading fertilizer application rate, for forming mechanical transplanted rice characteristic provides the basis for the theory of cultivation techniques of high yield, but also provide technical support to the production practice.The main results are as follows:1. J7(10paddy soil%+40%filter mud of sugarcane+25%manioc waste+25% mushroom bran+10%organic fertilizer) ratio of substrates of the basic physical and chemical properties is good, small bulk density, big total porosity, pH value of weak acidity, conductivity is moderate, sufficient nutrient content;Cultivating seedlings strong, on the stem thick, leaf age, above ground dry weight, leaf area and SPAD value, rooting ability is better than the others, root the intertwining force ratio of substrate, satisfies the requirement of mechanical transplanted rice, can be used as industrial breeding substrates.2. J7(10paddy soil%+40%filter mud of sugarcane+25%manioc waste+25% mushroom bran+10%organic fertilizer) ratio of substrate cultivation of seedlings is beneficial to the improvement of the mechanical transplanted rice growth and yield.In the early growth can quickly expand leaf area, in order to make full use of light energy, in jointing stage, leaf area index were 7.22 and 8.52%higher than the J3,J6 matrix and lay a foundation for the accumulation of dry matter, which is an ornament to ear full grain yield components, improve the yield.3. This study shows that under the premise of same nitrogen application rate, decrease the ratio of nitrogen in the base rice fertilizer, increasing the ratio of nitrogen in fringe fertilizer, to improve production.Different nitrogen fertilizer management mode, high fringe fertilizer proportion N3 (4:3:3) under the yield increase of production factors than low fringe fertilizer proportion to N1 (6:3:1) fertilization way all have different degrees of optimization, high fringe fertilizer proportion N3 (4:3:3) lower fringe fertilizer proportion more than the average grain number per panicle,14.7 to 19.6, seed setting rate high 11.1%14.3%, grain increased 0.4 to 1.3 grams, this is the main reason for the fringe fertilizer proportion high yield,and high fringe fertilizer proportion N3 (4:3:3), respectively, compared with the low fringe fertilizer proportion to N1 (6:3:1), N2 (5:3:2) production of 0.2 t/hm2,0.33 t/hm2.But increase fringe fertilizer also not necessarily can increase the production of mechanical transplanted rice in the end, low before fringe fertilizer proportion leads to promote again after work, therefore, increase fringe fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen in the fringe fertilizer best accounts for over 30%of the total nitrogen application rate.4. On the premise of nitrogen application rate is consistent, mechanical transplanted rice nitrogen management with high fringe fertilizer proportion N3 (4:3:3) application, enhance the plant to absorb nitrogen after heading stage, late on plant nitrogen accumulation has great role in promoting, promoting panicle N absorption and accumulation, in mature stage N3 (4:3:3) panicle N accumulation of 96.95 kg/hm2, than low fringe fertilizer ratio 13.89-26.87 kg/hm2.At the same time, under the high fringe fertilizer proportion N3 (4:3:3), nitrogen absorption efficiency, nitrogen utilization rate of agronomy, partial productivity is high.