The Study Of Polyploid Induction And Appraisal Of Trollius Chinensis

Trollius chinensis Bunge is belong to Ranunculaceae and Trollius. It is perennialherb, and as a medicinal plant has been well known. Little studies of Trollius has beenreported abroad, most studies of our country focus on the extraction and analysis ofTrollius medicinal value and medicinal ingredients. The Trollius is not only a goodefficacy of medicinal plants, but also has a very beautiful flowers, either as a singleflower or watch groups, which are highly ornamental, very beautiful. Thus for the studyof Trollius has a double meaning, both medicinal value, and ornamental value terms. Thisstudy aims to improve ornamental, resistance the content of medicinal ingredients ofTrollius with polyploid induction. It has great significance for garden applications andmedicinal produce.The study introduces the karyotype of different populations of Trollius fromSAIHANBA area of hengde, Hebei. The chromosome number and karyotype of differentpopulations of Trollius (Trollius chinensis Bunge.) have been analysised for usingconventional compression method. First determine the ploidy of Trollius. It’s diploid andsuitable for polyploid induction processing, and then by means of colchicine treatment,combined with tissue culture, get polyploid Trollius. Subsequently, in terms ofmorphology, cytology and photosynthetic effects and so on, between polyploid Trolliusand diploid Trollius have a comparative analysis, draw conclusions are as follows:(1) The number of chromosomes of three different populations of Trollius (JLH10,JLH11and JLH12) are16, thy all diploid (2n=2x=16), the karyotype formula are2n=2x=16=10sm+6st,2n=2x=16=2m+10sm+4st and2n=2x=16=2m+6sm+8st. Their karyotypes are all type “3A”, the karyotype asymmetry coefficients are74.27%,70.70%and73.98%.(2) Dealing germinating seeds of Trollius with colchicine can get polyploid Trolliusplants. This result shows that concentration and treatment time of colchicine have acumulative effect, in various combinations of processing time and concentration,0.1%concentration of colchicine24h is the best overall, induction was12.67%. However, dueto induction having non-directional and uncertainty, all induced plants are notcompletely homozygous, most are still aneuploidy or chimeric. After the identification ofchromosomes, induced polyploidy11were obtained, of which there are five tetraploid, the chromosome number is32.(3) After induction, the radicle of tetraploid plants is much rounder. The tetraploidplants growth slower. The cotyledon of tetraploid plants is more hypertrophy. The plantsare more robust. The petiole is thicker. The length and width of leaf increased. Theserrated of leaf edge is sharper, and more profound than diploid plants. The shape of leafchanges dramatically, showing that the leaf color is more dark green, leaf become thinkerand harder. Observed through a microscope, the leaf anatomical structure of Trolliuschanged by increasing the thickness of palisade tissue, increasing the number ofchloroplasts, larger pores, increasing the length and width of stomatal guard cell,decreasing the stomatal density after induction.(4) After induction, the chlorophyll content of Trollius increased. The photosyntheticrate and transpiration rate increased significantly. The stomatal conductance increased,and thus the CO2concentration of intercellular, the relative humidity of leaf surface, theCO2concentrations of leaf surface were significantly increased. The specific impact ofchanging of morphology and structure is also verified by physiological indicators. Afterinduced Trollius is more robust and adaptable. In the measurement one day, an average ofphotosynthetic rate of diploid Trollius is3.29μmol/(m2·s), an average of photosyntheticrate of tetraploid Trollius is7.21μmol/(m2·s). Visibility after doubling photosynthetic rateof Trollius increased significantly. And stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2concentration, transpiration rate and other physiological indicators are also improvedsignificantly after treatment. This is showed that after treatment with colchicine, thephysiological characteristics of tetraploid Trollius have changed indeed than diploidTrollius, the resistance is also improved.