Study On The New Process Of Extraction And Freeze-drying Of Serum Antibodies

Antibodies are known as immunoglobulins, which present in human and animalblood (serums), exocrine tissue fluids and other liquids. Antibodies are the importantsubstances, with which let the organism engender the immune response to antigen. Theyhave a variety of immune functions and can be used for emergency treatment by way ofpassive immunization when the diseases outbreaks. Nevertheless the extractionproduction technique of antibodies is still conventional ammonium sulfate salting-outmethod by far. Since the ammonium sulfate precipitation method obtains lower rate ofantibodies and the process of extraction is complicated, the price of antibodies isexpensive, as a result of which the method is not widely used. Therefore finding a newextraction process instead of the traditional salting as to reduce production costs andimprove the yield of the antibodies is the fundamental solution against the high price ofantibodies.The purpose of this study was to find a new method for the extraction of antibodiesfrom the serums. In this study, aqueous two-phase systems as the research object,screening and optimizing of serum antibodies witch suitable for the extraction ofantibodies from serums. To detect the aqueous two-phase systems from the antibodies’yield, purity and stability and to analysis of the advantages of aqueous two-phase systems,and to explore the value of the aqueous of two-phase systems. Finally, freeze-drying theextracted antibody solutions. The extracted antibodies was freeze-dried that will not onlyfacilitate the conveyance of the antibodies but also ensure the long time of the antibodiespreservation. This study includes the following aspects:1. The extraction of antibodies from serum using aqueous two-phase systems. First,screening the composition of aqueous two-phase systems of polymer and salt species.Then optimizing the aqueous two-phase systems’ extraction conditions, includingconcentration of neutral salt, the salt water phase of pH and the size of molecular weightof polyethylene glycol. Finally, screening the proportioning of the aqueous two-phase systems and serums. Acquiring the best aqueous two-phase systems’ components and thebest proportion.2. Using filtered and optimized aqueous two-phase systems expand production.Initial the expansion is500-fold, then10,000-fold expansion is to be done for thesecondary. The aqueous two-phase systems’ stability was analyzed after repeatedexperiments’ results. After expandable production, the antibodies’ yield and purity wereunchanged. It is confirmed that the technique’s stability is well. Comparatively analysisaspects of the study from the cost of production and the yield of antibodies. It isconclusion that the process of the aqueous two-phase systems is not only increase theyield by one fold, but also cost lower and save more manpower.3. The antibodies’ freeze-drying process. Long preservation is a critical factor forantibody producing. In order to long-term preservation and easy transporting, freeze-drying is the best choice. In this study, Freeze drying method is used to freeze-dry theextracted antibody liquids. Screening a large number of different species protective agentand the suitable concentration. Ensure the freeze-dried antibodies physical shape is ontest and the antibodies’ yield is not reduce.The study can provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the new techniquethat replacement of the traditional ammonium sulfate salting method. Providing a methodfor the preservation and transporting of antibodies. It is better for the antibodies widelyuse in the future.