| Under the action of multiple factors comprehensive, large area of severely degraded ecosystems are formed in the hilly red soil of southern China. Spread (Dispersal) refers to the biological process of leaving their birthplace outward diffusion. The role of herbs in ecological restoration and reconstruction depends on the way which is mode, speed, pattern of spread and so on. Biological characteristics of the species and geo-environment are the most important factors to herb spread. Dicranopteris dichotoma is in white subjects (Gleicheniaceae) and Dicranopteris genus (Dicranopteris) is a perennial evergreen ferns, widely distributed in the provinces south of the Yangtze River, southern Korea and Japan. It is acid-Drought, poor resistance, liking the sun and acidic soils, and it is highly productive and its growth has spread characteristics. As long as suitable habitat can be invasive and spread by spores. Dicranopteris dichotoma is as the research object and the study unit is micro plaque of slope erosion patches. A lot of foundation data were gotten by field sampling and experiment test. By measuring Dicranopteris dichotoma’s growth and high-precision micro-terrain surrounding environment, the influence of terrain slope position on Dicranopteris dichotoma spread, Dicranopteris dichotoma growth on soil quality soil fertility and Dicranopteris dichotoma Soil fertility effects was analyzed by using GIS technology, SPSS software. The research objective is to provide a theoretical basis for the further understanding of growth characteristics and geological environment of Dicranopteris dichotoma, the role of Dicranopteris dichotoma to soil and water conservation and better use of Dicranopteris dichotoma to develop appropriate recovery measures.The main results of this study include:1) By measuring high-precision micro-terrain of the slope, based on the DEM of slope, the slope position is classificated into groove, down slope, flat slope, the slope, uphill and ridge. By the grid was overlayed with the Dicranopteris dichotoma plaque, it is concluded that the groove and flat slope’s is bigger and ridge, downhill and uphill small’s smaller Dicranopteris dichotoma distribution proportion; Stacking up it and growth range of Dicranopteris dichotoma and analyzing Dicranopteris dichotoma growth characteristics at different slope positions. Height, stem number and biomass of Dicranopteris dichotoma both reached the significant level in the groove, Dicranopteris dichotoma boundary, no Dicranopteris dichotoma boundary and ridge. The size changes are:groove> Dicranopteris dichotoma boundary> no Dicranopteris dichotoma boundary=ridge. Slope position plays an important role on the initiation and spread of Dicranopteris dichotoma.2) Through the variance analysis to which soil fertility characteristics of different slope positions, there are significant differences in soil pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen(TN), alkali-hydro nitrogen(AN), available potassium(AK) and there is no significant difference in total phosphorus(TP), total potassium(TK), available phosphorus(AP) and clay at valley, borders of Dicranopteris dichotoma, boundaries of no Dicranopteris and ridge. Growth characteristics of Dicranopteris dichotoma play an important role on soil fertility.3) Soil fertility characteristics and growth characteristics of Dicranopteris dichotoma in different growth years and the relationship between the two were analyzed; Dicranopteris dichotoma soil quality of five growth years were analyzed by soil fertility quality index (Integrated fertility index, IFI) and the change process of soil fertility showing the regular pattern "after the first decline in the increase".4) Suggestions of soil erosion control of small watershed. Dicranopteris dichotoma is economical and effective for soil and water conservation plants in red soil erosion area, and should be take Dicranopteris dichotoma as important plant soil and water conservation and ecological restoration pioneer plants in ecological restoration projects. |
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