Study On The Screening Of Spur-type Of Zizyphus Jujuba Mill. Seedlings And The Main Characteristics Of The Primary Selected Excellent Individuals

Chinese Jujube（Zizyphus jujuba Mill.）, as the special economic species, is plantedwidely in China. Both the total area and the yield of Chinese jujube in China are greatest inthe world. The varieties play an important role in yield, quality, and efficient cultivation.Screening of spur-type improved new varieties is of great significance toclose planting dwarf, rain shelter cultivation, greenhouse cultivation, and implementationof a simple safety quality and efficient production of jujube. The study researched on theinternode length of Zizyphus jujuba Mill. Seedlings, and making analysis between theinternode length of secondary lateral branches and the content of the endogenous hormones(IAA, ZR, GA and ABA). The study researched systematical studied and comprehensiveevaluation of the main phenophase, the morphological and biological characteristics, thefruit quality and the stress resistance on the13excellent individuals of Zizyphus jujubaMill. cv.‘Dongzao’,‘Dalilongzao’,‘Jixinzao’ seedlings.(excellent individuals numbers:22-D-39,24-D-8,21-D-43,21-D-44, Long9, Long8,23-D-44,33-JX-14,23-D-6,23-D-1,10-13,11-31,11-21). The main findings are as follows:1. Through measured the internode length of the second branch of the105hybridseedlings of ‘Dongzao’, according to the percentage of the internode length of the secondbranch of female parent Dongzao, the jujube is divided into four types: extreme shortbranch type (<3.05cm), spur-type (3.05-4.07cm), mid short branch type (4.07-4.57cm) andlong branch type (>4.57cm).2. The results showed that there is no obvious correlation between internode length ofthe second branches and the endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, GA and ABA) content ofbark in dormancy season. There is negative correlation between internode length of thesecond branches and the endogenous hormones ABA/IAA of bark in dormancy season.3. Trough observed the main phenophase, finding the embryonic period and floweringperiod of thirteen primary selected excellent individuals makes little difference. But thefruit mature period makes a greater difference, the crisp ripe period of the earliest mature isin early September2nd (21-D-43,24-D-8), the crisp ripe period of the latest mature is inOctober13th (Long8,21-D-44).4. Through the investigation of morphological and biological characteristics, theshortest internode length of the second branches is3.20cm (Long9), the longest internodelength of the second branches is4.87cm (11-21), short internode and compact plant type is 22-D-39,21-D-44,24-D-8,10-13and Long9. From the single fruit weight and vertical andhorizontal diameter,10-13and33-JX-14are hickory superior plants. The seedlings of24-D-8, Long9,22-D-39,23-D-44and23-D-1which fruits per fruiting branch are morethan1are high yield varieties. The highest edible rate of the primary selected excellentindividuals is21-D-43, up to98.05%.5. Through the analysis and research on the dynamic changes of growth of jujube fruit,the results show that there have the same change trend roughly about jujube fruit verticaland horizontal diameter and single fruit weight among the primary selected excellentindividuals, showed a gradual upward trend. The fruit weight of10-13,11-21and23-D-1showed that increased rapidly at late stage. The vertical and horizontal diameter among theprimary selected excellent individuals presented rapid growth before white mature periodand slow growth after white mature period.6. Through the investigation and study on the dynamic changes of fruit nutrientcontent among the primary superior plants of jujube seedlings, the results show that theoverall change in Vc content showed a trend of "low high low" during fruit development,Vc content remained at a high level from August5th to August25th. The change trend oftotal soluble sugar content in jujube fruits showed no obvious change for the early fruitdevelopment, it accumulated to the highest rapidly nearly mature. Jujube fruit titratableacid content showed a "up down up" trend in fruit development period. Only the titratableacid content of23-D-44showed a linear upward trend.7. Through the investigation on fruit nutrient content among the primary superiorplants of jujube seedlings at crisp ripe, we can find that the highest content of Vc is23-D-44, the content is747.57mg/100g, the highest content of the reducing sugar contentis22-D-39, the content is53.35%, the highest content of the total soluble sugar content is24-D-8, the content is60.08%, the lowest content of the total soluble sugar content is11-31, the content is45.02%, the highest content of the titratable acid content is23-D-44,the content is1.58%, the lowest content of the titratable acid content is11-31, the contentis0.21%, the highest content of the soluble solids content is21-D-43, the content is32.50%.8. Through the comprehensive score,23-D-44(76.5)scored the highest, the score ishigher than Dongzao for10-13, Long9,11-21,23-D-1,33-JX-14,21-D-43,22-D-39and23-D-44.9. Through the systematic study and comprehensive evaluation on the mainphenophase, botanical characteristics, biological characteristics, fruit quality and stressresistance among the primary superior plants of jujube seedlings, we can select3excellentspur type of fresh jujube:10-13, Long9and22-D-39.