Effects Of Probiotics On Redox Measurements And Gene Expression In Several Tissues Of Piglets Challenged With Lipopolysaccharide

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the regulative role of compositeBacillus and Lactobacillus casei on tissue of piglets after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)challenge through signaling pathways and antioxidant capacity.A total24weaned piglets (duroc×largewhite×landrace) were randomlyassigned to four treatments(blank control group, immunological challenge group,composite Bacillus group, Lactobacillus casei group) at28days, each treatmentincluded6replicates. Control group and immunological challenge group were fedthe basal diet, composite Bacillus group was fed the basal diet with compositeBacillus(Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis,106cfu/g fodder in total), andLactobacillus casei group was fed the basal diet with Lactobacillus casei (106cfu/gfodder), the experiment was carried out30days. On d30, the immunologicalchallenge group, composite Bacillus group, Lactobacillus casei group was injectedintraperitoneally with LPS at100μg/kg BW, the control group was injected withthe same amount of0.9%NaCl solution. Blood samples were collected3hpost-injection, and then pigs were sacrificed for samples collection of intestinalmucosa, liver, pancreatic, spleen and lymphonodus.Experiment1： Probiotics on tissue damage of piglets challeged withlipopolysaccharide though signaling pathways.(1) Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA expression of EGF inthe immunological challenge group was significantly decreased in duodenum(P<0.01).Compared with immunological challenge group, the mRNA expression ofEGFR in the composite Bacillus group was significantly increased in colon(P<0.05), the mRNA expression of EGF in the Lactobacillus casei group wassignificantly increased in ileum (P<0.05); Compared with the immunologicalchallenge group, the mRNA expression of Ki-67, Caspase3in the Lactobacilluscasei group was significantly increased in jejunum (P<0.05), and return to the standard of blank control group. Indicating that the diet adding106cfu/g compositeBacillus or Lactobacillus casei is advantageous to the proliferation and repair ofintestinal mucosal cells.(2) Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA expression of IL-4inthe immunological challenge group was significantly decreased in duodenum,jejunum, ileum, colon, spleen and lymph nodes (P<0.05), the mRNA expression ofIL-10in the immunological challenge group was significantly decreased in thecolon (P<0.05), and at the same time, the mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8,TNF-α, TLR4, NOD2, NF-κB, STAT3, the mRNA expression of IL-8,TNF-α, TLR4, NOD2, NF-κB, the mRNA expression of NOD2, NF-κB in theimmunological challenge group was significantly increased in jejunum (P<0.05)。Compared with the immunological challenge group, the mRNA expression of IL-10in the composite Bacillus group was significantly increased in jejunum (P<0.05),the mRNA expression of NF-κB in jejunum and IL-6, IL-8in liver in theLactobacillus casei group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the results aboveshowing that diet adding106cfu/g composite Bacillus or Lactobacillus casei canrelieve the inflammation of tissue.(3) Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA expression of occludinand pBD-2in duodenum in the immunological challenge group was significantlydecreased (P<0.05), the mRNA expression of AQP8in the immunological challengegroup was significantly decreased in duodenum, jejunum, ileum (P<0.05), themRNA expression of CFTR, AQP8in colon, and pBD-1in duodenum, jejunum,ileum, and AMPK, HSP70in liver in the immunological challenge group wassignificantly increased (P<0.05); Compared with the immunological challengegroup, the mRNA expression of claudin-1, SGLT in the composite Bacillus groupwas significantly increased in duodenum (P<0.05), the mRNA expression of pBD-1in the composite Bacillus group was significantly decreased in duodenum (P<0.05),the mRNA expression of AQP8in the Lactobacillus casei group was significantlyincreased in duodenum (P<0.05), the mRNA expression of CFTR, AQP8in the Lactobacillus casei group was significantly decreased in colon (P<0.05), themRNA expression of HSP70in the composite Bacillus group and Lactobacilluscasei group were significantly decreased in liver (P<0.05), the results aboveshowing that diet adding106cfu/g composite Bacillus can maintain the intestinalbarrier function of the body, improve the ability of absorbing glucose, alleviate thenonspecific immune response; Diet adding106cfu/g Lactobacillus casei playing apositive regulatory role in the water balance of duodenum and colon and chlorineion balance of colon; Diet adding106cfu/g composite Bacillus group orLactobacillus casei can relieve the stress of LPS stimulation in liver.Experiment2： Probiotics on tissue damage of piglets challeged withlipopolysaccharide though antioxidant capacity.Compared with the blank control group, the activity of SOD in theimmunological challenge group was significantly decreased by20.2%in liver(P<0.05), the activity of iNOS in the immunological challenge group wassignificantly decreased by35.3%in ileum (P<0.05). Compared with theimmunological challenge group, the activity of SOD in the composite Bacillusgroup and Lactobacillus casei group were significantly increased by22.9%and30.9%in liver (P<0.05), the activity of iNOS in the composite Bacillus group wassignificantly decreased by54.1%and58.3%in colon (P<0.05). The results showingthat diet adding106cfu/g composite Bacillus or Lactobacillus casei can effectivelyalleviate the damage of LPS stimulation.Conclusion：Diet adding106cfu/g composite Bacillus and Lactobacillus caseiis conducive to the intestinal mucosa at cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis,and is conducive to maintaining the ion channels in the normal operation, and ishelpful to decrease the inflammation of the liver; Diet adding106cfu/g compositeBacillus and Lactobacillus casei can improve the antioxidant capacity of liver.