Intestinal Parasite Of Rhinopithecus Bieti At Xiangguqing Tacheng In Yunnan Province

A parasitological study was done to understand the infact status and factors ofrelated to intestinal parasites infection of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti) in Tacheng, Yunnan, between Mar.2012and Mar.2013. The objectgroup was composed of90individuals. During the study period, the lowest temperature is-4.39℃, the highest temperature is26.59℃, and annual average temperature is9.40℃; thelowest monthly mean temperature is3.19℃and the highest monthly mean temperature is16.61℃; the total rainfall is898mm, the highest monthly rainfall is216.60mm, theminimum monthly rainfall is0mm. The dry season in study site is November to April andthe wet season is May to October according to the annual rainfall.During the study period, we collected225fecal samples (recording the sexuality, age,unit and the collected time). Three methods (filter precipitate method, saturated brineflotation method, Kato’s thick smear method) were employed to exam parasite eggs infecal samples. Results showed that infection of Trichuris sp. was different between adultand juvenile; there is a seasonal different of Ancylostoma sp. and Oesophagostomum sp.infection, meanwhile higher infect rate in raining season; Capillaria hepatica and Ascarissp. were detected at low rate at last. In addition to Trichuris sp. infection rate keep a similarlevel in whole year, Ancylostoma sp. and Oesophagostomum sp.infection rate is higher inlate winter and late summer.Ponderal index can be used as an indirect factor for evaluate individual health.Through annual monitoring of the group of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys, wefound that the monkeys‘average Ponderal index will decline when the rate of parasiteinfection increased, that result show that monkeys health at a low level during this time.The same that when the infection rate decline, the average index group will rise. Accordingto infection rate of the oesophagostomum sp. about this group, there is correlation betweenthe infection rate of oesophagostomum sp. and ponderal index. For example, when theinfection rate of the oesophagostomum sp. is lowest in May, the ponderal index goes up tothe maximum value. In September, with the infection rate of the oesophagostomum sp. goes up to the peak value, the ponderal index downs to the minimum value. TheAncylostoma sp. and Oesophagostomum sp. infection rate also have this tendency.Terrestrially habit of the monkeys was also stuied during the study period, resultsshowed that average daytime terrestrial time of subject group is36.33%, which is higherthan former reports, and the highest was in winter. Average daytime terrestrial time ofadults (42.12%) was higher than juveniles (36.94%) and infants (26.63%), and malesavervage (41.67%) was higher than females (39.04%). Although differences on observationmethod may cause the undervalued daytime terrestrial time of other reasearchers, one cannot reject the hypothesis that provision for ecological tourism may change the terrestrialbehavior of balck-and-white snub-nosed monkeys and increasing monkeys‘infectionparasite risk. Parasite infection of black-and-white snub-nosed monkey is mainly due toenvironmental stress, the environmental stress is more important than the population stress.By the infection rate annual dynamic changes of the parasite, we can know that there aretwo stress period, the first period is late winter and early spring, the second period is latesummer and early autumn.In one word, high-intensitive parariste infection of black-and-white snub-nosedmonkleys in Xiangguqing could result from behavioral change due to ecotourism program.Suggestions for better management is listed below: firstly, the homerange of monkeysshould be expended and avoid re-using sleeping sites continuously; secondly, modify thecomposition and nutrition of provison diet based on natural diet combination, changeprobision methodology, avoid terristial behavioral change and reduce monkeys‘exposureto natural epidemic focus; thirdly, improve the scientific background of nature reseve staff,strength long term monitoring on parasite infection and give medical treatment when it isneeded; fourthly, change the display pttern when monkeys health condition is fragile,ensure the good health condition during ecotourism; at last, enforcement input onscientifical studies, a sytimatically study design will facilited better understanding onfactor related to parasite infection and ehealth of monkeys and give help on targeted management improevment.