Study On Routing Algorithm Based On Mobile Sink For Forest Fire Meteorology Monitoring

Making full use of advanced technical means to achieve the monitor of climatic conditions and the key meteorological elements in forest such as temperature and humidity is particularly important for forest fire prevention. Because of merits of wireless sensor network like self-organization and wide coverage area, forest fire meteorology monitoring based on wireless sensor network attracts widespread attention.Wireless sensor network is energy-limited and application-specific. In allusion to different application background, routing algorithms adopted are different and need to detail designed according to characteristics and requirements of applications. Based on the analysis of key issues existing in wireless sensor network applied to forest fire meteorology monitoring, this article mainly makes researches on energy efficient routing algorithms to prolong network lifetime. The major work is as follows:(1) Relative theories about wireless sensor network and routing algorithms are first reviewed. Then classifications of routing algorithms and typical algorithms are discussed. Based on LEACH, an energy-efficient multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol is proposed to improve network performance, which aims at the drawback of LEACH in terms of the distribution and the selection of cluster head nodes.(2) In order to alleviate the formation of hot spot, sink mobility technology is introduced into wireless sensor network. An energy-efficient unequal clustering algorithm adopting mobile sink node is proposed. Simulation results show that unequal clustering algorithm outperforms LEACH and the use of mobile sink node significantly improves the performance of the sensor network.(3) To further improve network performance, an energy-efficient routing algorithm is proposed based on the above. This algorithm mainly study the influence of mobile sink node number, movement pattern, and sojourn positions on network performance. Simulation results show that network performance using multiple mobile sink nodes is better than that using one mobile sink node.