| Vegetables and organic waste, on the one hand, have high moisture content, high nutrients and almost no toxic characteristics, but on the other hand if not treated promptly rancid easily lead to breeding of mosquitoes and pollute the environment. So to carry out the system of vegetable waste simple retting processing technology and realize the recycling use of has the very vital significance. This experiment choose Chinese cabbage, cabbage and several other kinds of vegetable waste of as the research object, through the adoption of bottled natural retting method, the research discusses the NPK content of several retted fertilizer and its changes, and the impacts on Chinese cabbage waste retting effect after adding diatomite and zeolite; And through pot experiment method, based on Chinese cabbage retted fertilizer as a top dressing, the effects of retted fertilizer on the output, soluble sugar and nitrate content of two kinds of cabbage are discussed, aimed to provide scientific basis for the rural production and living waste harmless treatment and resource utilization. The research results are as follows(1) Four kinds of processing vegetable waste (Chinese cabbage, cabbage, Chinese cabbage-cabbage1:1mix, cabbage-cabbage-leek-cucumber skin3:3:0.5:0.5mix)were retted using the simple retting method with bucket, and the results show that:The pH value of each treatment was between6.25-7.81;The contents of total nutrients were different that total K was the highest while the total P was the lowest. Soluble nutrients were high in contents of K(94%-98%) and N(52%-66%) and low in content of P(13%to34%); The results of retting vegetable waste mixed was generally better than a single type. The suitable retting time of Chinese cabbage, cabbage and other leafy vegetables was20to25days, and the1:1mix retting can be shortened to15to20days. Compost as fertilizer should supplement P or N fertilizer application.(2) The treatment with adding diatomite and zeolite into cabbage waste were retted using the simple retting method with bucket, and the results show that:compared with the comparison, the difference of pH value in each treatment was between6.56to6.70; There has increasing trend of ammonium content in steep liquid, with an increase of G and G-F20treatment significantly, increased by53.1%compared with the control and44.4%;But soluble P and k contents were decreased to varying degrees. Therefore it is recommended that suitable amount of diatomite can be added into vegetable waste.(3) The results of study on potted cabbage compost fertilizer in Shanghai cyan and yellow white two kinds of cabbage seedlings showed that:In each kilogram of soil nitrogen application0.09g,0.12g,0.15g level, using fertilizer and compost, the production of yellow and white and Shanghai Green seedling were significantly increased with the increase of fertilizer (opposite Shanghai Green fertilizer treatment). The yield increase of two kinds of cabbage in retted fertilizer were greater than compost fertilizers, and the growth was that Shanghai Green (183%～252%) was greater than the yellow vine white (101%to175%). Overall the increase in soluble sugar Shanghai Green was generally higher than white yellow vine. High volume retted fertilizers had a greater impact on the vine white yellow nitrate pollution, and the high levels of fertilizer was the same on the Shanghai Green.(4) The output of two kinds of cabbage and the uptake and total contents of N,P and K showed a significant positive correlation, correlation with phosphorus significantly positive correlation between the soil physical and chemical indicators, potassium significantly correlated.(5) The content of soil physical and chemical indicators increased varying degrees under each treatment of two kinds of cabbage. The increase of K and P were biggest and there was a significant difference in K by108%～315%, phosphorus by139%～211%. Generally, it was higher in retted fertilizer than chemical fertilizer, while comparing two kinds of vegetables, the results of yellow vine white was more obvious.(6) Considering three indicators:yield, soluble sugar and nitrate content, a suitable amount of fertilizer, which could guarantee to obtain a higher yield and soluble sugar accumulation, at the same time the nitrate content was in safer, were as follows:Under the fertilizer levels that the N content of retted fertilizer was0.09g/kg～0.12g/kg, Chinese cabbage could increase by an average of142%, and soluble sugar accumulation quantity increased by an average of128%, average content of nitrate was2259mg/kg fresh weight. |
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