Dynamic Study Of Forest Landscape In Different Kinds Of Protected Field

Because of the ecosystem and habitat degradation which caused by the global climate change and human activities, and it has lead to the loss of biodiversity, a large number of various forms of protected area have been established in many countries in order to protect the biodiversity and the natural and cultural resources. Which the most stringent protected area is national nature reserve, Research shows that establishing nature reserve is an effective measures to protect the typical ecosystem and biodiversity and save the rare and endangered plants and animals, but not every protected field has achieved real protective effect.The protected field of holy hill, which is a special kind of protected area in Yunnan province, has a certain protective effect for the ecosystem, and it is a kind of the primitive protected field which based on the traditional understanding of local residents. Research shows that the protected field of holy hill has a certain protective effect for the ecosystem and biodiversity. If the dynamic change of the forest landscape, which under the condition of similar habitat in two kinds of different protected area(nature reserve and the protected area of holy hill), will be different? And this research is of enlightening revelations to understanding the preventive effect of Sacred Natural Sites which based on the natural worship of local residents, but also provide another kind of protection for conservation of nature.Meili Snow Mountain and Baima Snow Mountain is respectively a Holy Mountains of Tibetan Buddhism and a national nature reserve, which is located in the core area of "three parallel rivers". Therefore, Meili Snow Mountain and Baima Snow Mountain was selected as the case study, and using the remote sensing satellite image data of MSS, Landsat TM and ALOS to quantitative analysis the dynamic changing trend of the forest landscape during1974-2010in Baima Snow Mountain and Meili Snow Mountain by using landscape index, and giving a preliminary assessment of the dynamic change of forest landscape in the two kinds of protected area from the angle of landscape level, in order to give reference for the coordination of human activity, protection of the forest landscape and the sustainable development of the protected area.According to the changes of the landscape index of the forest landscape in Meili Snow Mountain and Baima Snow Mountain in different periods, including the Landscape area index, the percentage of landscape area, the mean patch area, the largest patch index, the number of patches, the Patch Density, the nearest neighbour distance, the plaque adhesion degree and the aggregation index. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The area of Meili Snow Mountain and Baima Snow Mountain are two different forms of protected area, Whether the nature reserve of national level or the protected area of holy hill of the traditional Tibetan, their natural ecological system have been protected effectively.(2) The area and connectivity of the forest landscape in Meili Snow Mountain was almost unchanged, but it was first increased and then decreased in Baima Snow Mountain.(3) The fragmentation of the forest landscape in Meili Snow Mountain was increasing slightly but it first decreased and then increased in Baima Snow Mountain during the36years in1974-2010.(4) The forest landscape of Meili Snow Mountain was more complete than Baima Snow Mountain if only from the fragmentation degree and connectivity degree during the36years in1974-2010.