Study On The Determination Of The Dormancy-time And Chilling Requirements Of Cherry At Jinzhong Area Of Shanxi Province

The test was based on the Protected Cultivation in cherry (Prunus.avium.L). We took the local cultivars as the research object in the test. The main results and are followed:1、Determination of the dormancy starting point of large cherry. Studying on dormancy starting point of large cherry by spray hydroponics and seedling pot culture, and the results showed that seedling pot culture is a suitable method while spray hydroponics not. Different cultures have different dormancy starting points. The three dormancy starting points are:Hong Ma Nao, Oct.6th; Lei Ni Er, Oct.6th; Long Guan, Sept. 14th.There is no correlation between different Varieties of different dormancy starting points and maturities.2、Differences of chilling requirements between buds and varieties. By using flower hydroponics and low constant temperature processing methods, learned that there are great differences between buds of tested cultivars and varieties of chilling requirements. The chilling requirements of leaf buds is lower than that of flower buds. Cold temperature data is calculated using the 0～7.2℃ model. The chilling requirements of each variety by using flower hydroponics are Long Xu 386h; Na Weng, Long Guan, Lei Ni Er,Zao Sheng fan428h; Da Zi,Hong Ma Nao, Zao Hong Bao Shi 466h;Xian Feng 481h;Hong Deng 493h. The chilling requirements of each variety by using low constant temperature are 954h for Na Weng, Long Xu, Hong Deng, and Xian Feng,1314h for Long Guan and Da Zi, Hong Manao764 h,1122h for Lei Ni Er. The result is that chilling requirements by low constant temperature are higher than that by flower hydroponics at open-air culture. There is no correlation between different Varieties of chilling requirements and fruit maturities.3、Determination for starting points of the end of endodormancy. The study found that twelve large cherry tested cultivar’s leaf buds starting points of the end of endodormancy were in late November all.and eleven big cherry tested cultivar’s flower buds starting points of the end of endodormancy were in late December all.Different varietis have different end of endodormancy.4、Determination of chilling requirements between two consecutive years. Using different calculating models, comparing chilling requirements for two consecutive years, there is no significant difference between Hong Ma Nao flower buds and leaf buds’s starting date of the end of endodormancy. There are great differences between all other large cherry’s leaf buds, and a little difference between flower buds.5、Determination of large cherry chilling requirements between greenhouse culture and open-air culture. Comparing chilling requirements of Long Guan and Hong Ma Nao which are both grown in greenhouse and in the open air, the requirements are different. And because of different calculating models, there exist opposite results. Open-air is higher than greenhouse in ≤7.2℃ model, and greenhouse is higher than open-air in both 0～7.2℃ model and Utah model.6、Differences of chilling requirements between different types of fertile branch. Comparing chilling requirements of five types of Hong Ma Nao mixed branch,long fruit branch, medium fruit branch,fruit spur and flower clusters of fruit, the chilling requirements order is chilling requirements flower clusters of fruit<fruit spur<medium fruit branch<long fruit branch<mixed branch.7、Differences of chilling requirements between different age of trees.Comparing chilling requirements of 5-year old Hong Ma Nao,9-year old Hong Ma Nao and 19-year old Hong Ma Nao, chilling requirements are great different between different age of trees.9-year old Hong Ma Nao have a low chilling requirement, 19-year old Hong Ma Nao have a higher one and 5-year old Hong Ma Nao have the highest chilling requirement.The research was thought to solve problems such as how to determine the dormancy time scientifically and reasonably to build greenhouse and to heat the greeenhouse for cherry greeenhouse culture to high quality, high efficiency, high yield and stable.