| Wild broussonetia papyrifera with fast growing, tolerance to drought and barren soil, has a strong ability to adapt to the environment. The wild broussonetia papyrifera resources is very rich in China, which is distributed in the northern and southern of China, mainly in the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River Basin, such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan etc. Wild broussonetia papyrifera mainly grows in the rural fields, wasteland, hill, pond ditch water, suburban, which is growing quickly and difficult to become useful. Therefore, these wild broussonetia papyrifera were mainly cut down and discaded. The effective resource utilization technology has not yet formed, which causes the rural land and environment pressure and often become the object of rural ecological environment governance. With the recognition of nutrition and health value of edible and medicinal fungi and the mature of factory production technology, edible and medicinal fungi industry is entering rapid development period. However, with the expansion of industrial scale, the demands of cultivation raw material increase significantly, prices rise year by year and the demand is over supply, which seriously restrict the development of industry. Therefore, it is necessy to carry out research on the resource recovery of wild broussonetia papyrifera in the cultivation of edible and medicinal fungi. On the one hand, it can protect rural environment and provide a new way for increasing farmers income, on the other hand, it can alleviate shortage and reduce costs of cultivation raw material of edible and medicinal fungi and promote the sustainable development of edible fungi industry. The main research results of the current are as follows:1. The nutrient components of wild broussonetia papyrifera sawdust were determined. And the comparation in the nutrient components between the local common cultivation raw material (poplar wood chip, miscellaneous wood chips) and the cultivation raw material of wild broussonetia papyrifera, Results indicated that the wild broussonetia papyrifera showed the water soluble sugar content of 8.37%, cellulose content of 52.70%, half of fiber content of 29.70%, the lignin content of 18.76%, total organic carbon content of 52.09%, total nitrogen content of 0.47% and crude ash content of 4.43%. And compared with sawdust of conventional cultivation matrix poplar and miscellaneous wood, sawdust of wild broussonetia papyrifera had higher water soluble sugar, total nitrogen content, crude ash content and easy to be decomposed and utilization of cellulose, hemicellulose content. The lignin content of wild broussonetia papyrifera was higher than that of cypress wood and significantly lower than mixed sawdust; These results indicated that from nutrition composition content, wild broussonetia papyrifera sawdust was a kind of excellent cultivation raw material of edible and medicinal fungi.2. Using wild broussonetia papyrifera wood leaching solution of -PDA plate culture method, the effect of high concentration and low concentration of wood extracts on the growth of edible and medicinal fungi mycelium was conducted. Compared with ordinary PDA medium, the growth of hericium, crab flavor mushroom and mushroom mycelium were inhibited at the concentration of 200.0 g/L of sawdust leaching liquid, even the hypha of hericium died. While, the growth of mushroom mycelium was obviously promoted. The growth of lark mushroom, ganoderma lucidum and Ji Gu hypha expansion was also inhibited, while, the hyphae was more robust; The expansion of apricot bao mushroom mycelium was significantly effected, but the hyphae thick. There was difference in the growth of each selected medicinal food bacteria mycelium at low concentration of sawdust leaching liquid (2.5 g/L-25 g/L).With the increase of the concentration of the leaching solution, the growth of matrix apricot bao mushroom, ganoderma lucidum and lark mushroom mycelium was significantly inhabittd. While, the growth of mushroom mycelium growth was increasing.3. The effects of percentage of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust among the.culture substrate on growth of mycelium of ganoderma lucidum matrix was conducted. And broussonetia papyrifera sawdust cultivation matrix formulation was optimized, and with the poplar sawdust as main ingredient of ganoderma lucidum cultivation matrix comparative cultivation experiment. Adding 20%-37% of broussonetia papyrifera wood to cottonseed shell can promote the growth of mycelia of ganoderma lucidum; sawdust added up to 58%, ganoderma lucidum mycelium growth rate slows, added up to 78%, the mycelium grows extremely slowly; Compared with the poplar sawdust formula, broussonetia papyrifera sawdust 37%,43% cotton seed hull, bran 19%, the matrix formulation of cultivation of ganoderma lucidum gypsum powder 1%, white hyphae robust, fruiting pileus leniency hypertrophy, yield increased 18.12%, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content increased 9.82%, but the production cycle extended 6-8 days, rate is significantly higher than poplar sawdust bacteria infection.4. The effect of the add proportion of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust to the cultivation matrix formula on the growth, fruiting body yield and quality of lark mushroom mycelium was conducted. The adding proportion of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust of 20%-40% was beneficial to lark mushroom mycelium growth. The biological conversion rate reached 41.3% to 44.6%, less than 45.8% of the cotton seed shellis pure matrix, significantly higher than that of pure broussonetia papyrifera sawdust and miscellaneous wood matrix; 78% of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust and bran mixed cultivation substrate mycelium, slow growth fruiting body yield is low, and yellow mushroom body soft.5. The effect of the add proportion of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust to the cultivation matrix formula on the mycelia growth, fruiting body yield and quality of apricot bao mushroom was conducted. Results showed that adding broussonetia papyrifera sawdust 39%-65% of the culture substrate is conducive to the growth of the apricot bao mushroom mycelia and fruit body formation, hyphae thick white, strong, neat, fast growth, the first crop of mushroom biological conversion rate of 54.35%-59.17%, slightly higher than the cotton seed shellis pure matrix, significantly higher than the 42.3% of miscellaneous wood matrix; Broussonetia papyrifera sawdust amount to 77% of the cultivation matrix hyphae grew more slowly and were not a mushroom.6. The effect of broussonetia papyrifera sawdust to the cultivation matrix formula on the mycelia growth, fruiting body yield and quality of oyster mushroom was conducted. Results showed that the broussonetia papyrifera sawdust as the main ingredient of matrix for oyster mushroom cultivation, hyphae, white hair fast, low pollution rate, biological conversion rate reached 105.77%-110.20%, significantly higher than that of miscellaneous wood substrate, good commercial mushroom body; The results also show that matrix structure of sawdust as main ingredient, adding a certain proportion of bran help hypha growth, adding a certain amount of corn flour can significantly increase the oyster mushroom production. |
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