| Zinc is a kind of heavy metals in the periodic table of elements, but is a trace element in nutrition. The normal operation of plant and animal body without zinc. Human body zinc deficiency decreased immune function, resulting in children’s mental development. Crop zinc deficiency can affect the growth of the reproductive organs, blade decrescent, reduced photosynthesis, yield and grain zinc content. This caused to the residents of the grain is the staple food of zinc intake is too low, especially in resource-poor areas, especially the phenomenon of zinc deficiency. With the improvement of crop yields, unbalanced fertilization and other factors, such as the alkaline zinc content in soil in our country further reduced. With the improvement of crop yields, unbalanced fertilization and other factors, zinc content in soil in our country further reduced. In the earliest soil zinc, the critical value of 0.5mg/kg standards, most of the farmland soil have zinc deficiency phenomenon in our country, especially in the north of calcareous soil, effective zinc content is lower. At present, there have been many of zinc deficiency and animal and plant growth and development of a harm to human body. The phenomenon of Zinc deficiency is widely attentied. But reports of the suitable dosage of zinc fertilizer is less. On the effects of zinc fertilizer, there are a lot of experimental research is based on pot soil, there are few reported studies applied in large field, or only based on a certain kind of soil. This study of testing different dosage and way of zinc fertilizer summer maize growth and yield in the three different ecological condition, will provide guidance for the influence of zinc fertilizer application of summer maize in henan province. The main results of this study were as follows:(1)Compared with not applying zinc fertilizer treatment, applying zinc fertilizer could significantly increase the dry matter of aerial part quality of some summer corn in Xunxian、Yuzhou、Yanshi.. Overall, the quality of summer maize dry matter of aerial part along with the increase of applying zinc fertilizer content increased before they are reduced. Dry matter of aerial part quality of some summer corn on y Zn30, Zn30 and Zn15 processing is the largest for Xunxian、Yuzhou、Yanshi. Soil+spraying zinc fertilizer can increase the quality of summer corn in Xunxian dry matter of aerial part,but summer corn under different zinc fertilizer level quality of dry matter of aerial part present different change rule for Yunzhou、Yanshi.(2) Applying zinc fertilizer significantly increased the grain yield of summer corn and summer corn grain yield increased with the increase of applying zinc fertilizer content increased after the first down.The grain yield of summer maize in Xunxian 、Yuzhou、Yanshi is biggest on y Zn30, Zn30 and Zn15 treatment, increased by 16.68%, 14.37% and 8.33%.Applying amount of zinc fertilizer in the same place, the yield of summer corn grain soil + spraying processing is lower than the soil. Applying zinc fertilizer is 15 kg/hm2, The yield of summer corn grain soil + spraying treatment below the soil treatment, no significant difference. And when applying zinc fertilizer 30 kg/hm2, soil + spraying treatment above soil treatment.(3)Applying zinc fertilizer can increase the content of chlorophyll in summer maize leaf, photosynthesis of summer maize and production. Zinc fertilizer usage and the way to improve the total chlorophyll in summer maize leaf, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content effect varies from place to place, birth period. Appropriate dosage of zinc fertilizer and way for change from place to place. The overall look, at the same level of zinc fertilizer, summer corn leaf total chlorophyll content soil + spraying is better than that of soil in Xunxian. Yuzhou the total conten chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in summer corn leaf x Zn15 processing above Zn15 processing, and Zn30 above y Zn30. Yanshi big bell stage and filling stage and total content of chlorophyll chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in summer maize leaf soil + spraying under soil treatment, but did not reach significant difference. But silking stage of summer corn leaf total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content Zn15 than x Zn15, while Zn30 below y Zn30.(4) Application of zinc fertilizer can significantly improve Pn, Trom, Gs and carbon assimilation ability of summer corn leaf for the all reproductive period. Huge bellbottom period, spinning stage and filling stage of summer corn leaves the four index increased with the increase of dosage of soil zinc fertilizer reduce after increase first, Zn30 treatment as a turning point. The effect of soil + Spraying varies in different site and fertility period.(5) Applying zinc fertilizer can increase the content of leaf soluble sugar in summer corn big trumpet period, silking stage and filling stage. The treatment of Summer corn leaf soluble sugar content is biggest is different when the locations and periods is different. Same location and the amount of zinc fertilizer, Xunxian and Yunzhou summer corn in big trumpet period the leaf soluble sugar content in the soil+spraying treatment below the soil treatment,but soil is higher than soil+spraying treatment for Yanshi. As a whole, applying zinc fertilizer 30 kg/hm2 for three study area is best, especially the soil treatment.(6)For Xunxian big trumpet period and sillking stage of summer corn, Yuzhou sillking period and Yanshi huge bellbottom period and sillking stage of summer corn soluble sugar content in the stalk all treatmentes were higher than CK, but soluble sugar content in the grouting stage of summer corn stalk treatments is lower than CK. Silking stage was the turning point of summer corn from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Sillking period and huge bellbottom period of summer maize leaf soluble sugar through the stem to other parts of the transport, so the soluble sugar content in the stem. In filling stage, summer corn begian reproductive growth, soluble sugar content in the stem is low because of soluble sugar into more grain, zinc helps to soluble sugar transport.(7)Applying the right amount of zinc fertilizer can increase the summer corn grain starch content. Summer corn grain starch content with the increase of applying zinc fertilizer content increased before they are reduced. summer corn grain starch content on Zn15, Zn30 and Zn30 treatment is the largest for Xunxian、Yuzhou and Yanshi. Applying the same amount of zinc fertilizer from the same place, summer maize grain starch content soil + spraying treatment below the soil treatment.(8)Applying zinc fertilizer can increase the zinc content in summer maize grain. With the increase of dosage of soil zinc fertilizer, zinc content in summer corn grain increased before they are reduced. Peak treatment is 30 kg/hm2, not 45 kg/hm2, shows that when the dosage of zinc fertilizer is too large, also go against the grain content of zinc. At the same amount, the content zinc of summer corn grain soil+ spraying is higher than soil, for Yanshi soil+spraying15kg/hm2 treatment is better than soil 15kg/hm2, did not reach significant difference,the other treatment reach significant differences.(9)Applying zinc fertilizer could improve the summer corn grain nitrogen content of potassium. With the increase the dosage of zinc fertilizer, potassium and nitrogen content in corn grain for three locations increased after reduce, gained maximum when the treatment is 30 kg/hm2. At the same dosage of zinc fertilizer, summer corn grain nitrogen and potassium content soil + spraying is higher than soil. Applying zinc fertilizer can reduce summer corn grain phosphorus content, but not all treatment gains significant differences. The content of phosphorus of Summer corn grain reduce before increased with the increase of the dosage of soil zinc fertilizer. The content of phosphorus of Summer corn grain reach maximize when the treatment is 30 kg/hm2 in Xunxian and Yuzhou,but the treatment is 15 kg/hm2 in Yanshi. The same dosage of zinc fertilizer, the content of phosphorus in summer maize grain soil+spraying is higher than soil.The content of phosphorus in summer maize grain soil+spraying is significantly higher than soil in Xunxian and Yuzhou, but the same treatment did not reach significant difference in Yanshi. |
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