| Zinc is an essential micronutrient,relating to human health through food chain. In order to improve the zinc nutritional quality of wheat and provide scientific theoretical basis for high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation, taking cultivars strong-glutent Zhengmai 9023, moderate-gluten A ikang 58 and weak-gluten Zhengmai 004 as materials, a pot experiment with 5zinc levels(0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg·kg-1) were carried out for studying differrent wheats zinc nutrition characteristic and the relationship to grain protein components. The major results can be concluded as follows:1.Moderate zinc application can increase the yield, ears, grain number and thousand grain-weight, indicating that zinc application can significantly improve wheat yield, but yield and its components will play a negative role as a result of further increasing the mount of zinc application, the right amount of zinc application should found, yield and thousand grain-wheat reached maximum at 10 mg·kg-1 treatment in Zhengmai 9023 and Aikang 58, Zhengmai 004 reached maximum at 5 mg·kg-1 treatment, the largest output occured Zhengmai 004 at 5 mg·kg-1 treatment, which followed when the 10 mg·kg-1 treatment. Thus differences in the response to zinc of different wheats due to the different genetic basis.2. Moderate zinc application could clearly promote wheat organs of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc accumulation in maturity. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc accumulation in grain, stem, leaf, stalk+chaff of spike and sheath in three cultivars wheats gradually decrease after the first increase with the increase of Zn application increasing, except potassium accumulation of stem in Zhengmai 004 had a downward trend or potassium accumulation in sheath of Aikang 58 and Zhengmai 004 and leaf of Zhengmai 9023 and Zhengmai 004 increased after the first decreasing with the increase of zinc content application. But when zinc application was greater than 10 mg·kg-1 or more, Zhengmai 004 phosphorus application in the zinc content was higher than 5 mg·kg-1 the nutrient accumulation would reduce. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in root had an obvious trends. Alkaline N and available K content in soil increased after the first decreased when zinc application increased, the turning point occurred at Zn10 treatment, while available K content of Zhengmai 004 differing from Zn20. There was an increase trend in DTPA-Zn and Olsen-P of Zhengmai9023 and AK58 with increasing Zn application rates from Zn0 to Zn40.3. Moderate zinc fertilizer application increased activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase of flag leaves after flowering, but they all had a turning point. The different reactions occurred in the three breeds at the optional Zn contents. Zn application in certain levels were positively recorrelated with wheat grain protein content of each components, especially increasing the gliadin and glutenin in flour, the rate of increase gliadin in strong gluten wheat are more higher than moderate and wheat gluten wheat, the inflections of albumin, gliadin and glutenin all occurred in the Zn10 treatment, and with the highest globulin values in the Zn20 treatment in Zhengmai9023. Not only albumin concentration, but also gliadin concentration, the turning point of Aikang 58 was Zn10, while globulin and glutenin were Zn5; the maximum of gliadin concentration was Zn10 for Zhengmai 004, glutenin, albumin and globulin were Zn20. Grain protein content with increasing zinc application showed a decreasing trend after the first increase, the highest values all observed in the Zn20 treatment, while they had a similar content in Zn5, Zn10 and Zn20 of Zhengmai 004.Therefore, selecting the appropriate amount of zinc applicaton to meet demand for zinc fertilizer of different gluten wheat, different quality traits in practical production process was should. |
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