Study On Soil Improvement Of Ecological Restoration In Hutubi Xi-gou Coal Mine Fire Area

The exploitation and utilization of coal resources creat many of wealth to the people living and national development, however, the destruction to the ecological environment, especially to the soil of mining area environment must get enough attention. Xinjiang is rich in coal resources, and coal mining greatly promotes the rapid economic development in Xinjiang area, but the cost of economic development is facing more and more serious ecological environment situation. In order to explore the scientific project of improved soil matrix of coal mine wasteland in Xinjiang, and to realize the sustainable development of Xinjiang coal. This paper selects the key coal fire area—Hutubi xi-gou coal mine fire area as the research object. We find the main factors limiting plant growth on abandoned coal fire areas, through comparative analysis of physicochemical properties between abandoned coal fire areas and the control of mountain before the improvement. We reach the best scheme of improved soil matrix of abandoned coal fire areas of xi-gou coal mine, through comparative analysis of physicochemical properties of abandoned coal fire areas between before and after improved. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) With the comparative analysis of physicochemical properties between abandoned coal fire areas and the control of mountain before the improvement, the study finds: Before improved, soil sand phenomenon is serious; Soil water content is relatively low; The soil alkalization occurs in different degree; Soil organic matter and nutrient content are relatively low. The main factors limiting plant growth on abandoned coal fire areas are soil mechanical composition and the water content and the p H value and the content of soil organic matter and the content of soil nutrient. But the soil temperature and bulk density and specific gravity and porosity have no effect on vegetation restoration in abandoned coal fire areas.(2) With the comparative analysis of physicochemical properties of abandoned coal fire areas between before and after improved, the results show: Soil physicochemical properties of No.1, No.2 and No.3 fire wasteland of the improved are better than those of unimproved, and the effect of improvement is obvious. Among them, soil desertification phenomenon is weakened, and the content of soil clay and silt increase. Soil moisture content is slightly lower than that of the control of mountain, but is higher than that of unimproved. Soil p H obtains better adjust and changes to the neutral soil. Soil organic matter and nutrient content are improved with different degree than that of unimproved. The study concluded that the best scheme of soil matrix improvement of fire wasteland is scheme 21, its ratio: water retaining agent is 25g·m-2, adhesive is 5g·m-2, sheep manure is 3kg·m-2, diammonium phosphate is 60g·m-2.(3)This experiment applies physical and chemical modified method, makes full use of the local matrix material, reduces the pollution of the environment, and reduces the cost of improvement. But the test scheme still has many deficiencies due to various constraints. For example, biological modification method with the characteristics of good effect, low cost and no secondary pollution should be paid attention to and applied in the future research. At the same time, the study on soil matrix improvement of abandoned coal fire areas should also pay attention to adapt to circumstances.