Study On The Characteristics Of Morphology And Physiological Of Red Fruit Ailanthus Altissima

Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima is a new variant of fruit color variation of Ailanthus altissima, which is breeding by Liaocheng University. In order to provide the theoretical basis for cultivar identification and better application, we observed phenology of Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima, analyzed the dynamic variation rule of substances accumulation in its growth, esplored the genetic diversity, and made a preliminary discussion of Trichokonins and Gibberellin effect on seed germination.From 2013 to 2014, on early April, winter buds of Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima began to bud. Leaves began to grow in early April, new shoots would have half-month growth and then enter flowering stage in early May, and in late May enter to fruiting season. And in late June to late July, samara is red. Samara length 4.41 cm, width 0.82 cm, projection area of 3.67cm2, and 0.32 cm longer and 0.27 cm more narrow than the Ailanthus altissima, therefore, samara of Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima more narrow and long than the samara of Ailanthus altissima. In addition, with the samara growth and development, water content decreased from 80% to 18%, dry weight increased, thousand grain dry weight is increased from 6.4 g and 30.20 g.Collecte samara afer flowering 15,30,45,60,75,90 days, and named for present fruit period, young fruit stage, growth stage, late growth stage, mature stage and. Then measure the contents of crude fat, soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, the protective enzyme activity, chlorophyll and anthocyanin of different period. Results showed that crude fat content increased at first and then stabilized, the highest content of up to 39.82%, 2.90% higher than the common Ailanthus altissima. Soluble sugar and starch contents increased first and then decreased, fruit period minimum, which were 3.71%, 3.02% respectively, which were more than 1.32% and less than 0.14% of the common Ailanthus altissima. The soluble protein content remained at about 7.00mg/g, the variation was very small. SOD and POD activity increased first and then decreased and then increased, PPO activity increased first and then decreased, the activity of CAT decreased first and then increased. When samara matured, compare to common Ailanthus altissima, samara of Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima have more the content of crude fat, soluble protein and the activityof SOD, CAT was higher, the content of starch, soluble sugar changed little, the activity of PPO, POD was lower. The content of chlorophyll and anthocyanin were first increased and then decreased, and in every periods, the chlorophyll content contained by the samara of Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima were lower than Ailanthus altissima, but it has amounts of anthocyanins when samara turn red in Samara, up to 48.11mg/g. The anthocyanin content of common Ailanthus altissima was close to zero.Extract DNA with CTAB method from male plants, the female plant of common Ailanthus altissima and Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima in Liaocheng, Tai’an, Ji’nan, Beijing. After quality inspection, mixing equal, made of a common Ailanthus altissima female plants and male plants and Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima three DNA pool, and then use the primer pairs of 8 forward primer and 11 reverse primer SRAP-PCR, then analyzed genetic diversity. The results showed that 88 primer pairs generated 289 polymorphic bands, accounting for the total number of bands36.86%. Therefore, Red Fruit Ailanthus altissima most likely is a new variation strain.The seeds of Ailanthus altissima, were soaked with different concentrations of 0.03、0.3、3、30、300mg/L of Trichokonins(secondary metabolites belong to Trichoderma) and 20、40、60、80、100mg/L of gibberell. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index, changes of soluble protein and the protective enzyme activity were measured. The results showed that to a certain concentration extent, Trichokonins and gibberellin increased the content of soluble protein and all kinds of protective enzyme activity in the seed. When the concentration of Trichokonins is 3 mg/L, it can improve seed germination rate( 83.33%), which increased by 36% than the control.