Study On Changes Of Fatty Acids And 11s, 7s Globulin Content In Seeds At Different Position Of Soybean Canopy

Using Jinyuan1, Jiti5, Jilin38 and Jinong19 as experimental materials, Jinyuan1 and Jiti5 were early cultivars, Jilin38 and Jinong19 were modern cultivars. The soybean plants were divided into 5 parts, which were upper part, upper-middle part, middle part, lower-middle part and lower part. Study the change regularity and the mutual relations of 5 kinds of soybean fatty acid(palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid) content, 11 S, 7S globulin content, fat content, protein content, germination ratio and 100-seed weight index at different position of canopy, this research aimed to providing the theoretical basis for improving the quality of soybean and the reasonable application of seeds at different position of canopies. The results showed that: 1. Changes of germination ratio and 100-seed weight at different position of soybean canopyThe germination ratio in seeds at lower canopy was highest of early cultivars, germination ratio of modern cultivars at the lower-middle canopy reached the highest; 100-seed weight of early cultivars at upper-middle and lower-middle canopy were higher than the other canopies, while the lower canopy of modern cultivars was the highest. 2. Changes of protein, fat and 5 fatty acids at different position of soybean canopyProtein content of early cultivars and modern cultivars showed that the upper-middle canopy reached the highest, the fat content in seeds at upper canopy of Jinyuan1 was highest, while Jiti5 and modern cultivars Jilin38, Jinong19 showed that the highest content at the lower canopy; palmitic acid content at middle canopy of Jinyuan1 was the lowest, while the other 3 cultivars showed that the upper canopy reached the lowest; the stearic acid content in seeds at lowest upper canopy in Jinyuan1 was lowest, the other 3 cultivars at lower canopy was the lowest; the oleic acid content of early cultivars at the middle to upper canopy were higher than other canopies, and the modern cultivars showed the middle canopy was the highest. linoleic acid content of 4 soybean cultivars were the highest at the lower canopy; linolenic acid content in seeds at middle and upper canopy of early cultivars were lower than other canopies, and the upper canopy of modern cultivars was the lowest. 3. Changes of 11 S, 7S globulin content at different position of soybean canopyThe 11 S globulin content of 4 soybean cultivars at the canopy showed first decreased and then increased, while that 7S content of globulin at the canopy showed first increased and then decreased. The 11 S globulin content at upper canopy of 4 soybean cultivars showed the highest content, while that the 7S globulin content was the lowest at the upper canopy. 4. The correlation analysis of fatty acid, globulin and other indexes of different position of soybean canopyAccording to the results of correlation analysis: The negative correlation between oleic acid, linolenic acid and fat content of Jinyuan1 was extremely significant, the positive correlation between linoleic acid and fat content reached significantly level, the other 3 cultivars’ fat content and 5 kinds of fatty acid content had no significant correlation; the negative correlation between oleic acid and linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid of 4 soybean cultivars was extremely significant, the correlation between linoleic acid and linolenic acid reached significant or extremely significant level, the negative correlation between stearic acid and palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid of Jiti5, Jilin38 and Jinong19 was extremely significant.The results showed that: at the lower canopy in the soybean plant, high content of fat, linoleic acid, 100-seed weight and low content of stearic acid were selected, at the upper canopy, high content of protein, oleic acid, 11 S globulin and low content of linolenic acid, 7S globulin were selected. Modern cultivars contained stearic acid, oleic acid and 11 S globulin content decreased with 100-seed weight increased, palmitic acid, linolenic acid and 7S globulin content increased with 100-seed weight increased, which can according to the 100-seed weight to 5 kinds of fatty acids, 11 S, 7S globulin content for indirect selection.