Study On The Application Of JUNCAO Spent Ganoderma Substrate And Its Water Extract In Dairy Cows

To promote the modern ecological agricultural development of the "plant-fungus animal" positive cycle, rationally use the byproducts of the Ganoderma cultivation with JUNCAO, develop the feed value of JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate and its water extract, the paper mainly studied the nutrients, security and feeding study on dairy cows, major findings were as follows: 1 The nutrients determination of JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate and its water extract Determination results of the nutrients of JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate:crude protein 11.98%, crude polysaccharide 4.90%, crude fat 1.27%, crude fiber 21.16%, crude ash 14.33%, neutral detergent fiber 46.11%, acid detergent fiber 38.03%, nitrogen free extract (NFE) 39.76%, Ca 2.25%, P 0.51%. JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate contains 17 kinds of amino acids, the total amino acids content was 5.23%, including 11 kinds of essential amino acids of dairy cows (E/T equals to 44.93%). According to the classification of the feed, the spent Ganoderma substrate belonged to the high-quality roughage.Determination results of the nutrients of water extract:the polysaccharide content was 26.92%, and the triterpenoid content was 0.84%. JUNCAO water extract contained 17 kinds of amino acids, the total amino acids content was 6.50%, including 11 kinds of essential amino acids of dairy cows (E/T equals to 36.31%). 2 Security controls of JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate and its water extract1) Acute toxicity test:using the maximum dose tolerance method, giving test substance by gavage. Giving continuous observation for 7 days, the mice did not appear to toxicity and death, the MTD of the test substance on male and female mice by oral acute toxicity> 20g/kg, the sample was at non-toxic level.2) 30 days feeding study:Add 5%,15%,25% spent Ganoderma substrate to the mice basal diet respectively and feed mice for 30 days. During trial period, the mice of each group had no adverse reactions. The average daily gain of each group during the trial period was as follows:group C> B> A> D, feed/gain ratio:group D> A> C> B. Diet containing 15% spent Ganoderma substrate had best effect on mice growth, and adding 5% spent Ganoderma substrate had the highest rate of feed conversion. After the experiment, all mice were dissected, the appearance of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs had no significant pathological changes in each group. Blood test results showed that hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes had no significant difference between Experimental and control group.3) Heavy metal content, the total number of bacteria and mold, the content of aflatoxin B1 content of spent Ganoderma substrate and its water extract were within the scope of the national standards for feed hygiene. The above test results indicated that JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate and its water extract was a kind of safe feed ingredient. 3 Dairy test results of JUNCAO spent Ganoderma substrate1) Using 1.5kg/d spent Ganoderma substrate to replace lkg/d beet pulp, studied the impact on cow performance and blood biochemical indicators and immune globulin content, experimental results showed that the spent Ganoderma substrate did not affect the milk production, and spent Ganoderma substrate could delay the downward trend of the mid-lactation milk yield.2) Spent Ganoderma substrate did not affect milk quality. Compared to the control group, fat percentage, milk protein percentage, lactose percentage, dry matter, non-fat solids of experimental group were not significantly different (P>0.05).3) Compared to the control group, the average IgG concentration in milk of experimental group could improve 0.62 g/L, increase by 56.67%, the difference was not significant.4) Spent Ganoderma substrate had no significant impact on the blood biochemical indicators (total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, ALT, IgG and IgM). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased, indicated that the dairy cows could utilize dietary protein very well.5) Economic benefit analysis:the experimental group could increase the economic gain of 2.23 yuan/day/head. 4 Dairy test results of water extractTest group 1 and test group 2 were added 25 g/day/head,50 g/day/head water extract in concentrated feed of the dairy cows.1) During the trial period, daily milk yield of group 1 increased by 0.84 kg/head, the rate of increase was 3.60%. Daily milk yield of group 2 increased by 3.10 kg, the rate of increase was 13.79%.2) Milk quality:compared to the control group, fat percentage, milk protein percentage, lactose percentage, dry matter, non-fat solids of experimental group were not significantly different (P>0.05). Milk fat percentage, milk protein, non-fat solids increased slightly in group 2.3) Milk IgG concentration were no significant difference among groups.4) Water extract had no significant impact on blood biochemical indicators.