Seedling Culture Manners, Selection Of Culture Matrix And Fertilization Technology Of The Flue-cured Tobacco In The Tobacco-growing Region Of Linyi City

Seedling cultivation is an important link in the production of flue-cured tobacco. Along with the development of science and technology and the increasingly application of science and technology in flue-cured tobacco production, the production of flue-cured tobacco is becoming more and more specialized, standardized, mechanical and informative. Based on the experiences of the seedling cultivation in Linyi recent years, and draw lessons from domestic and international advanced experiences on direct-seedling cultivation on trays, this paper focus on the improvement and further application of direct-seedling cultivation on trays. Plot contrast tests that based on years of multi-plot tests, and indoor analysis are both applied in this study. To solve the problems of the technology of directseedling cultivation on trays in Linyi area, this paper study from several aspects, which are, the selection of appropriate seedling cultivation methods, selection of substrate appropriate to local condition, and precise fertilization method. From comparative tests, we choose a seedling cultivation method that is most appropriate in Linyi flue-cured tobacco production, the formula of seedling substrate that easy to get in local place, and fertilization technique that with both reduced cost and good effect. It is hope to promote the large-area application of the technique of direct-seedling cultivation on trays in Linyi area. The results of this study shows below:1. Comparative study on seedling cultivation methods. By field comparative tests, the different influences on seedling emergence, seedling agronomic traits, economic traits, quality of raw tobacco appearance and economic cost of four different seedling cultivation methods, which are seedling cultivation on floating system, seedling cultivation on moist trays, direct-seedling cultivation on trays, and ordinary seedling transplanting, are studied. The test shows, compared with ordinary seedling transplanting method, direct-seedling cultivation shows better results in seedling emergence, chlorophyll content in leaves during seedling stage, seedling rate and seedling traits. After transplantation, direct-seedling cultivation on trays shows better results in several agronomic traits, such as plant height, leaf number, stem circumference and maximum leaf area. This method also reduces the incidence and disease index of virus disease, bacterial wilt and black shank, which help to improve the yield of tobacco, the ratio of high quality tobacco, the average price and output value. The yield of direct-seedling cultivation on trays is 3.24 to 8.63 percent higher and the cost is 13 to 26 percent lower than the other seedling cultivation methods. The appearance of the flu-cured tobacco is better than the control, with high gloss, loose-leaf structure and medium thickness. In summary, compared with ordinary seedling transplanting method, direct-seedling cultivation on trays has more advantages, and is most appropriate to be applied in Linyi City.2. Study on the substrate localization of direct-seedling cultivation on trays. By field comparative tests, the influences of five different substrates, which are, thoroughly decomposed wheat or corn straw, thoroughly decomposed cow waste, thoroughly decomposed cottonseed hull, peat soil and commodity matrix, on the production of fluecured tobacco are studied. Then the different influences of different formula of thoroughly decomposed wheat straw, cottonseed hull, sand, and loess and peat soil on the production of flue-cured tobacco are also tested. The results show when used as substrate, the thoroughly decomposed cottonseed hull shows no significant difference with the data of commodity matrix and peat soil, but has 5.57 and 2.5 percent higher seedling emergence, 6.93 and 5.45 percent higher seedling rate than corn straw and cow waste respectively. At the same time, it has better seedling agronomic traits. All these shows thoroughly decomposed cottonseed hull can be the main raw material of seedling substrate instead of peat soil. The formula of substrate composed by thoroughly decomposed cottonseed hull, loess and sand by the ratio of 6:3:1 is better than or equal to the traditional seedling substrate, which is mainly composed by peat oil. So this formula can be used in large area of Linyi to replace the traditional tobacco seedling substrate.3. Study of precise fertilization on direct-seedling cultivation on trays. By comparative tests of different fertilizers, different controlled-release times, and different amount of fertilizer, this paper investigates their different influences to the agronomic traits, economic traits and quality of tobacco leaf. Results show that the fertilizer method of 30 g of 3 month oil coated controlled release fertilizer for each tray has the advantage of both improve the agronomic traits of raw tobacco leaves and reduce fertilizer cost. Based on this study, a systematic fertilization technique that is appropriate for the sand and production condition of Linyi was developed.