| Pepper blight, an important soil-borne disease caused by Phytophthora capsici, has became one of the major factors limiting the production of pepper. Many studies and field practices have proved that application of Trichoderma is an effective means to prevent soil-borne diseases, so the study of the effect of Trichoderma on controlling disease still was significantly important. In view of this, the effect of Trichoderma viride TV41, separated in our lab, on controlling pepper blight. And the effects of growth conditions on the enzymatic activity and rhizosphere colonization ability of it and on the population of other microorganisms were also studied. On this basis, the effect of Trichoderma viride TV41 on controlling pepper blight were studied in pot; the pilot conditions of inoculum of it were studied to obtain large quantities of inoculum of TV41. Inoculum of TV41 was applied in field in order to control pepper blight. The findings are as follows:Trichoderma viride TV41 can grow best in Oat liquid culture medium, which can grow in temperature of 20～40℃, and the germination of spores and sporulation of Trichoderma viride TV41 was improved at 40℃; it can grow in the pH range of 3 to 10, acidic environment was in favour of the growth of Trichoderma viride TV41; the optimum concentration for it growth, sporulation and spore germination was 0.6%, and it still grow in the salt concentration of 4.8%, which proved the ability of salt tolerance; the chitin enzyme, (3-glucosidase activity and cellulase activity of Trichoderma viride TV41 were 1.317U,425.1165U,273.6211U respectively; Trichoderma TV41 has ability of rhizosphere colonization and growth-promoting function in soil; Trichoderma had changed the population and diversity of fungi, however, had little effect on the population of bacteria in pepper rhizosphere.The twice experiment studying the effect of Trichoderma viride TV41 two batches on controlling pepper blight in sand showed that different patterns of applying TV41 disease had different effect on controlling pepper blight, stiring in the pure spores into quartz sand had the best controlling effect, which can significantly delay pepper disease by 3～4d, MS +DR treatment had the worst controlling effect.The effect of Trichoderma TV41 on controlling pepper blight in soil culture further validate the effect of Trichoderma TV41 on controlling pepper blight in sand culture, and the result showed that the single application of inoculum of TV41into the soil or combining with OF1 could control pepper blight by 100%, and the OF2 treatment had the worst effect of controlling disease, only 9.9%. The population of Trichoderma in soil of pepper rhizosphere was measured, the resulted showed that dipping+mix Trichoderma TV41 inoculum showed the highest number, followed by mixing agents handling, dipping treatment had the lowest number, which may be related with the number of Trichoderma for application. For each treatment plant leaves healthy activity, rhizosphere soil enzyme activities were measured analysis showed that only a single application processing between agents, between the 1st and agents of organic fertilizer complex processing, No.2 and the agents of organic fertilizer complex between treatments and soil enzyme activity and the incidence of pepper plant leaves is inversely proportional to the rhizosphere, which may come into contact with chili peppers on day 0 to the number of Trichoderma root relationship. The soil bacterial PCR-DGGE results showed that application of Trichoderma TV41 has altered soil microbial community structure; BIOLOG results showed that microbia of different rhizosphere soil of different treatments showed different utilization of sources, and MS-TV41 had the strongest utilization of amino acids, the utilizatio ability of the phenols was weaker than that of CK treatment.the best ratio in the solid fermentation medium of bran and straw is 4:4, and the amount of sporulation was 1.2×109cfu/g in flasks; the notable problem through the trial process including:the optimal temperature was 28.5℃, shaking optimum speed 175rpm, optimal incubation time of 60h～72h; indoor sterilization thoroughly, reducing the pollution from the start; Solid fermentation culture medium, gauze, sterile gauze, etc. should be sterilized thoroughly;... |
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