Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis Of Wheat And Triticum Durum-Lophopyrumn Elogatum Amphidiploid Alien Chromosome Lines

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely grown crops. Since it as the staple food for 35% peoples, the demands of production and quality is increasing, which has been/being resolved by increasing wheat genetic diversity transferred useful genes into bread wheat from wild species. Many wild species of the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) are valuable sources for resistance to diseases, salinity, drought and insect pests. Lophopyrum elongatum (2n=14, Ee) is a perennial species in the Triticeae, and mainly grows in seashore and saline meadow. It has been served as important resource to wheat improvement because of its disease resistance, resistant ability to unfavorable environment and tremendous genetic diversity.In the present study, some progenies derived from wheat-Triticum durum-L. elogatum amphidiploid, including F1, F2, BC1F1, BC2F1, BC2F2 Plants, were identified and analyzed by cytology and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The main results were as follows:1. The chromosome number ranged from 40 to 47. The plants with 2n=42 was the most, which accounted for 43.75%; the plants with 2n=43 accounted for 18.75%; the plants with 2n=44 accounted for 12.50%; the plants with 2n=45 accounted for 9.37%; the plants with 2n=40 and 2n=41 respectively accounted for 6.25%; the plants with 2n=47 was the lowest with only 3.12%.2. The results of GISH indicated that the chromosome numbers of Ee ranged from 1 to 11. The alien chromosome numbers came from a same pedigree were different, and the most of them were alien addition lines and alien substitution lines, part of them were alien addition-substitution lines, a few of them were translocation lines. The plant k13-439-1 (2n=45) included three L. elongatum chromosomes. The plant k14-501-4 (2n=42), two L. elongatum chromosomes were detected by GISH. The plant k13-415-2 and k14-479-4 one L. elongatum chromosomes which is robinsom translocation were detected by GISH.3. The results of survey statistics of agronomic traits indicated that the average height was 71.8±13.2cm, the average tiller number was 3.9±1.8, the average length of spike was 11.1±2.3cm, the average Spikelet number was 16.2±3.2, the average thousand-grain weight was 23.7±18.2g, the average kernels per spike was 26.4±19.7. The coefficient of variation of kernels per spike was largest, which was74.9%. The adult-plant stage and the spike and seeds of the material was similar with wheat and the rest of the material was similar with 8801.4. Stripe rust resistance identification indicated that 8801 one of the parents was immuned and CN16 and Shumai482 was infected. Compared with CN16 and Shumai482 the most of material were high resistance to strip rust or immune to scab, such as k14-501-4、k14-516-4、k14-501-5.