| Recently, widely used of the mercury(Hg) in industrial production has led to increas-ingly serious pollution of the mercury, which direct impact on the urban ecological environment and human health. Therefore, mercury pollution has become a problem urgently to be solved. In practical application, the botanical garden cover plant has the advantage that growing faster and the planting area larger than the hyperaccumuhelator, and it has the function which can beautify the urban environment. Meanwhile, compared with the photograph of other heavy metals such as cadmium(Cd),the study that the mercury poisoning mechanism of plants started relatively late, and reference literature is less. Therefore, this research choose herbs chamomile(Matricaria chamomilla L.) as test material which is widely used in our country and be with the function of landscape and medicinal, using hydroponic method of mercury, studied the characteristics of chamomile which be the physiological and biochemical response, the capability of enriching mercury and the accumulation and distribution of nutrients systematically under the dealing with mercury, in order to provide a theoretical basis which be the mercury poisoning mechanism of chamomile and filtering the garden plant which can resistant mercury. Studies have shown that:Within the range of 11μM/L to 60μM/L,there was no significant difference of chamomile’ R/S, and 60μM/L processing makes chamomile’s fresh weight significantly lower than CK. With the increase of mercury stress degree, chamomile’s chla+b content decreased, however, compared with CK, the difference is not significant. And Hg treatments is significantly negatively correlated to chamomile’s chla+b content and ALAD activity, no significant correlation with carotenoid content. ALAD activity first increased and then decreased. When Hg≤10μM/L,ALAD activity increased significantly while when Hg≤5μM/L,ALAD activity decreased significantly. Under the different concentration of Hg, MDA content in various parts of chamomile was significantly increased compared with CK, and was significantly positively related to mercury processing concentration. Root H2O2 content was significantly positively related to the concentration of mercury processing and and MDA content. Shoot H2O2 content had no significant correlation with mercury concentration and MDA content.Shoot SOD activity increased with the increase of concentration, and was significantly and positively correlated to mercury processing concentration, indicates that is more sensitive to mercury processing concentration, it is shoot dominant antioxidant regulatory enzymes. Meanwhile, chamomile root SOD activity was significantly negatively correlated to mercury concentration, it was increased with the increases of the concentration, when Hg concentrations≤5μM/L.And it began to decrease When Hg concentration≥10p,M/L. Shoot CAT, APX activity and content of ASA had no significant correlation with mercury processing concentration, root CAT and APX activity had no significant correlation with mercury processing concentration. Root ASA content significantly positively related to mercury processing concentration, when Hg concentration≤30μM/L,lower than CK, when the Hg concentration is 60μM/L, signif-ycantly higher than CK.The Pro content of shoot and root was significantly higher than CK under different mercury processing concentration, however the magnitude of increase has differences. 1μM/L mercury treatment made shoot NPSH content increasing significantly, however, there was no significant increasing when the treatment between 2μM/L to 30μM/L,and when the treatment is 60μM/L, increasing significantly.The volume of mercury enrichment of shoot and root are both significantly positively related to mercury processing concentration. Under the treatment of higher concentrations of mercury (Hg concentration≥10μM/L), chamomile has the strong ability of enrichment for Hg, and the enrichment ability of root is significantly higher than shoot.Mercury treatment significantly altered chamomile C, N, P and K accumulation and distribution features to accommodate stress conditions. In addition, all the tested chamomile did not withered or dead, In summary, although chamomile and Hyperaccumulator have a certain gap, but its high accumulation of roots and a reasonable nutrient enrichment capacity allocation pattern, it has a certain degree of resistance to mercury. |
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