| Matricaria chamomilla L.(MC)is an annual belongs to the Matricaria genus of the Asteraceae family,flowers with perfume.It has medicinal properties,such as anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antidiarrheal,antihypertensive,antilipidemic and anticancer et al.Chamaemelum nobile L.(CN)as perennial herbaceous plants belongs to the Anthemis nobilis genus of the Asteraceae family,entire plant with perfume.It has antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,cholagogue and anti-anxiety and treating eczema properties.Both flowers of MC and CN are enriched with terpenes,which are the most valuable organs.Our study used disc flowers(DF)and ray flowers(RF)as the research material of MC and CN.On the one hand,we analyzed the ingredients of volatile terpenods of the both flowers by using SPME-GC/MS.On the other hand,we obtained transcriptome data of both flowers in MC and CN by RNA-Seq.And we analysed terpenoids synthesis metabolism and key enzymes screening in MC flowers compared to CN flowers.We compared MC and CN lowers on terpenoids metabolism regulation mechanism from the transcriptome level for the first time.Our results will provide a large number of the transcriptome data for further studies of comparison between MC and CN at the molecular level.The main contents and results are as follows:1.SPME-GC/MS analyses were conducted to determine the contents of perfume in disc flowers and ray flowers of MC and CN.The 40 monoterpenes and 13 sesquiterpenoids ingredients were detected from MC disc flowers and ray flowers,while 16 monoterpenes and 9 sesquiterpenoids were detected from CN disc flowers and ray flowers,respectively.The results showed that the contents of volatile terpenods in MC were richer than in CN.And the organs comparation in DF and RF was similarly.These results were based on monoterpene and sesquiterpenes only.2.We utilized Illumina RNA-Seq technology to sequence the DF and RF of two chamomile.The final assembly of MC had a total of 53.31 Gb data and 117,203 Unigenes with an N50 length of 1,686 bp and the mean length were 1,056 bp.CN had a total of 53.41 Gb data and 147,616 Unigenes with an N50 length of 1,506 bp and the mean length were 914 bp.3.The Unigenes were subjected to functional classification and annotation by Nr,Nt,Swiss Prot,GO,KEGG,and COG.In the GO functional category,11,385 and 13,766 Unigenes were classified into biological processes,cell component and molecular functions of MC flowers and CN flowers,respectively.In COG functional category,1,660 and 1,974 Unigenes related to the secondary metabolism,transport and catabolism of MC and CN were identified respectively;In KEGG functional category,6,811 and 7,772 Unigenes involved in secondary metabolites pathway were identified respectively.4.In this paper,FPKM method was used to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)of MC and CN.The results showed that 14,695 Unigenes were identified from RF vs DF of MC,including 6,694 up-regulated genes and 8,001 down-regulated genes.Similarly,there were 4,801 Unigenes were identified from RF vs DF of CN,including2,921 up-regulated genes and 1,880 down-regulated genes.Meanwhile,DEGs were further analyzed from GO and KEGG functional category annotation.And we obtained a large number of candidate genes involved in terpenoids metabolic pathway.In MVA pathways,there were 2 AACT,4 HMGS and 2 HMGR were up reglulated in MC-DF vs MC-RF,respectively.In MEP pathways,there were 1 DXS and 2 DXR were down regulated.However,compared with the MC,the related enzymes in these pathways of CN was not more involved.There were only 1 MK,1 FPPS and 3 TPS were down regulated.These results revealed MC have more DEGs compared with CN,further more,the key enzymes in terpenoids metabolic pathway of MC was much more active than in CN.5.The q PCR were used to confirm the transcriptomic data.The results of consistency rate was 90.48% that confirmed the transcriptomic data can be used for further analysis. |
