Design And Experiment Of Rice Straw Deep Buried And Whole Straw Returning Device

The crop straw is rich in many kinds of trace elements and organic matter which is conducive to the growth of crops. It is a kind of renewable biological resources, with a variety of development and utilization value. Mechanical straw directly returning to field not only fertilize the soil fertility, improve crop yield, reduce the pollution of the environment, but also competition for farming, reduce labor intensity. By buring the whole plant of rice straw to the growth layer of rice root below the soil layer can be avoided by returning the crushed straw in the crop root growth layer, its content is too high and influence of water soil working links and transplanting operation effect and crop growth; At the same time can significantly improve the soil temperature and water storage capacity, increase soil nutrients, and promote the growth of crops. Mechanization of rice straw in the whole field of deep burying technology is a clever fusion of the mechanical and the buring the whole plant of rice straw, the technology integrates many advantages, is a new efficient technology to deal with rice straw. But now the research of machinery and technology which can be used to rice straw to carry out deep burying and returning to field operation at home and abroad is very few, and the equipment that can be used in the northeast area is very little, and it is very necessary to research and develop the related machines and tools. The research of this device is carried out under this background.Through consulting a large amount of relevant literature, this paper makes an in-depth analysis on the development trend and existing problems of straw returning equipment at home and abroad. According to the need of research, of whole rice straw buried deep returning device structure and working principle were introduced in detail, combined with theoretical analysis, computer simulation and optimization of experimental research and method of the study, under the prerequisite for the rationality of technical feasibility and the structure of the device configuration and optimization of the whole rice straw deep incorporation test bench and the whole, were tested and verified. Mainly carry out the following research work:(1) From the theory of rice straw whole plant deep returning operation, returning tool trajectory equations for analysis and the establishment of mathematical model, analysis of influencing factors of reverse rotary equipment power consumption and for rice straw were buried returning device on the components of the design and further research and improve lay the theoretical foundation.(2)The design of the field device is designed, and the working mechanism of the device is expounded. To straw agronomic requirements as the basis, for the realization of rice straw were deeply buried and returning function, combined with the theory analysis to determine the returning cutters, cutting edge curve parameters and configuration, the knife and the optimal diameter, blade and roller connected, blade arrangement, optimal blade spacing, establish the simulation model of each component, computer simulation analysis, such as motion simulation, power analysis and optimization.(3)The physical parameters of soil in Northeast China for data, using discrete element method, set up the model of soil particles, and the use of discrete element simulation software edem on the establishment of whole rice straw buried returning virtual simulation model of virtual simulation test, equipment operation analysis to simulate the trend of movement of soil particles and the work of soil distribution. According to the simulation optimization design results of rice straw whole plant deep incorporation test bench.(4)The experiment was carried out on the laboratory bench of the rice straw, and the influence of the speed of the forward speed and the rotation speed of the knife roller on the power consumption and the rate of returning to the field was discussed. The Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used to process and analyze the test data, to find the best combination of factors to meet the performance index.(5)To verify the technical feasibility and test bench configuration rationality conditions, according to meet the tractor working width of rice straw in whole plant of deep buried and returning machine in bench test to obtain the best factors combination design and field test. Through the experiment data acquisition and more regular tracking observation and other methods, come to the conclusion that the rice straw whole plant deep returning machine under different working time, working environment, working performance is stable, and the operation effect is good, after the operation meet the agronomic requirements of machines on the operating environment has a strong adaptability.