Response Of Croplayout To Climate Change In Songnen Plain

The change of natural condition is one of the key factors that affect agricultural production. Since the 20 th century, the environmental effects brought by the global average temperature increase have attracted people’s widespread attention. In the background of the climate trends warm, a significant change happened to the agricultural production conditions in China. The original distribution of crops and planting structure is difficult to adapt to the current climate environment and the needs of the development. And a series of problems followed such as the reduction of the agricultural production stability, crop yield fluctuation increase, the cost of agricultural increase and so on. In order to adapt to this change, people increasingly focus on the role and influence of the agricultural climate change on grain production. How to actively respond to the negative effect brought by the climate change and adjust the existing crops distribution, quantity and structure, make full use of climate resources to improve crop yield has become the problem urgently to be solved in agricultural production.Songnen Plain is the important commodity grain base which is located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province in China. It is also one of the most sensitive areas response to temperature changes. This paper takes RS and GIS as the main technology platform and means,combining remote sensing images in 2000, 2006 and 2010 of three synthetic time series through the acquisition of multivariate remote sensing data. Using the n-Visualizer tool to extract crop pop and classify the two main crops soybeans and corn with the pope angle classification method. And analysis the plant layout change of the two crops in nearly 10 years. This paper establish the relationship between the unit of crop planting area and climatic elements at the county unit. The climate elements include temperature, heat and rainfall.And next analysis the crop layout response to climate change from two aspects of time and space.Finally, acc ording to the trend of climate change on crop layout adjustment targeted suggestions, which will provide a scientific basis for improving and perfecting the cropping system.(1) From 2000 to 2010, the temperature of the growing season in the study area rise 1 ℃ and 10 ℃ or higher accumulated temperature of whole rose by 267 ℃. The average temperature and accumulated temperature showed certain rules of space. They rises gradually from the north to the South; During the growing season, precipitation fluctuations rise trend overall and from west to east on the space increases gradually. The space distribution is uneven, but the distribution and regional differences are significant.(2) With the global warming of the climate, the planting area and layout of the two m ain cropsof soybean and corn have changed greatly. From the point of planting area, the two crops planting area increased by nearly 2 times respectively in decade and planting structure within the characteristics of the shift; From the point of plant layou t, crops range northward gradually in the study area. The line on the northern side of soybean has moved northward about 1.5 latitude and the suitable planting area of corn has expanded. On the whole, the warming climate is conducive to the growth of crops in the study area.(3) According to the results of correlation analysis, the climate warming is relatively good to maize planting. With the increase of average temperature and accumulated temperature of south of the Songnen Plain, the corn planting transfer center of gravity from the south to southwest. And high temperature is not suitable for the growth and development of soybean. As a significant rise in temperatures, soybean planting focus to north transfer from the central part of the Songnen Plain in recently 10 years. Songnen Plain’s northernmost in Heihe area gradually become the main area of soybean.In conclusion, with the gradual warming of the climate, two kinds of main grain crops planting range generally northward in the study are and planting area increased gradually. However, under the restriction of existing arable land, crop planting area reaches a certain limit will not be able to continue to increase. So through the adjustment of the layout of crops to increase agricultural output value, will become a powerful means and methods of improving the utilization ratio of cultivated land.