Study On Seed Vigor Of Maize

Accurately master the seed vigor can effectively guide the farmers to product higher vigor seeds, and it is helpful for companies to control the change of seed vigor in order to improve the storage condition. In this paper, the germination potential, germination rate, vigor index, seedling height, fresh weight and dry weight of maize seeds were determined by standard germination test and the seed vigor was comprehensive by above indexes. The experiment materials, including eight common maize inbred seeds, three common maize hybrid seeds, five waxy corn inbred lines seeds, four waxy corn hybrids, four inbred lines of sweet corn seeds, three sweet corn hybrid seed, six popcorn inbred lines and four popcorn hybrids, were tested to research the change rule of seed vigor of new and old corn. After 30 th d, 35 th d, 40 th d, 45 th d, and 50 th d of pollination of corn, three common maize inbred lines seeds, two normal corn hybrids, two waxy corn inbred seed, two waxy corn hybrid seed, three inbred lines of sweet corn seed, four sweet corn hybrid seed, two popcorn inbred lines seeds and two pop corn hybrid seed were used as the research object to research the relationship of corn seed between mature degree and seed vigor. No matter what kind of corn, new seeds vigor were always higher than the old seeds and reached the highest in wax ripe period for one same maize variety, detail research results show that:(1)The seed vigor of normal maize inbred lines and hybrid corns decreased with the extension of storage time, but there was differences among the varieties; the new hybrid seed vigor were generally higher than their parents. The appropriate storage time is one year.The peak of different maturity of maize inbred lines and hybrid seed vigor generally appeared in 40 th d-45 th d after pollination(wax ripe period); the vigor indexes of seed harvested in 35 th d-50 th d after pollination indicates was averagely more than 40, reaching the national second grade standard of seed(germination rate is more than or equal to 85percent).(2) The new seed vigor of waxy corn was higher than that of old. The changes of seed vigor inbred lines and hybrids of waxy maize were both similar to common maize. The seed vigor of new hybrid corns were far higher than that of their parents, and the vigor of old seed that storage time was more than or equal to one year decreased more, but still reached the national secondary seed standard(germination rate is more than or equal to 85 percent).The peak of different maturity of waxy maize inbred lines and hybrid seed vigorgenerally appeared in 40 th d-45 th d after pollination(wax ripe period). The female parent vigor was higher than that of male parent and their hybrid seeds vigor were higher than that of reciprocal hybrids seeds.(3)The inbred lines and hybrid seeds vigor of sweet corn are similar to that of common corn. The vigor of seed with high vigor decreased slowly, and the vigor of hybrid seed in one year’ storage time was higher than that of their parents, but there was differences among the varieties. Low parents seed vigor can be equipped with high vigor hybrid seed.The peak of different maturity of sweet maize inbred lines and hybrid seed vigor generally appeared in 40 th d-45 th d after pollination(wax ripe period). Before 35 th d of pollination, the seeds of inbred and hybrids lines were not suitable for agricultural production.The higher female parent seed vigor, the higher the match of hybrid seed vigor.(4) New seed vigor of popcorn were all higher than that of old. The vigor of new seeds and old seeds stored in one year was relatively higher and can be used for production. There will have a higher seed vigor than parent in cross or reciprocal cross hybrid seeds.The hybrid popcorn seed with different maturity after grouting 35 days(late milk stage and dough stage) can be used in agricultural production, and will always maintain a high level of seed vigor. Hybrid seed vigor changing trend was more similar to the parent.