Research Of Characteristics And Control Technologies Of Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus In Shiquan County

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is an important forestry exotic pests, and Monochamus alternatus Hope is the main biological transmission to spread Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which caused widely attention on China’s ecology security and economic losses. It’s extremely urgent to control the spread of Pine Wilt Disease. In 2008, Shiquan County, located in Ankang city of Shanxi province, was established as epidemic study area of the pine wilt disease. Based on the situation of Shiquan’s epidemic study area, the paper studies the technologies of controlling and precaution of Pine Wilt Disease. The main experimental procedures and results are as following:1. Chose temperature, illumination, relative humidity and rainfall to study the effect of environment to the Pine Wile Disease. As a result, the lifetime of Monochamus alternatus Hope in adult stage is long, and the amount of carriable Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the more than other time with almost 1000-9999 when the temperature is around 20 centigrade degree. While, the carribale Bursaphelenchus xylophihis of Monochamus alternatus Hope is less at 34 centigrade degree. Moreover, the paper also shows that the residual rate of Bursaphelenchus xylophihis in Monochamus alternatus Hope is the lowest level in 22 centigrade degree, while in 34 centigrade degree is the highest level. That means that the mortality rate of forest is the lowest. Otherwise, with the comprehensive influence of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall, the number of Monochamus alternatus Hope reaches the highest level during June and August in forest. Therefore, it can control the spread of Monochamus alternatus Hope and shorten the lifetime with high temperature. Before the days of eclosion, it also can control the spread using the applicable method to trap Monochamus alternatus Hope. The other way to inhibit the spread is illumination with purple light which didn’t study in this article. From the first experiment, it claims that one of the effective way to reduce the amount density of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the damage of forest is to strengthen the monitoring and management of Monochamus alternatus Hope.2. Studied the feeding and distrubition of Monochamus alternatus Hope in with different species of trees and different forest region. The results showed that massoniana is more popular than tabulaeformis for Monochamus alternatus Hope to feed. The feeding area of fresh yearly massoniana is bigger than tabulaeformis, but the area is extremely decreasing while the massoniana is growing, based on the experimental data of Beicheng forest and Yunwushan forest. As a result, it best to plant trees which are hard to feed by Monochamus alternatus Hope when afforestation to avoid the disease.3. Used some kind of chemical and biological measures to control the number of Monochamus alternatus Hope, and then control spread of Pine Wilt Disease. Respectively, using Beauveria bassiana strain to infect Monochamus alternatus Hope and record the death rate, releasing Dastarcus helophoroides which is the nature enemy of Monochamus alternatus Hope, and trapping Monochamus alternatus Hope with attractant to control the spread. The results show the three measures are useful to control the amount of Monochamus alternatus Hope. But, the best way is to use Beauveria bassiana strain and trap Monochamus alternatus Hope with attractant together, because this way can decrease the damage of environment pollution, and easy to handle.It concluded the concrete measures through the paper:first, it should use the Beauveria bassiana strain and attractant at the initial days of eclosion of Monochamus alternatus Hope to inhibit the amounts and spread of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, enhance to monitor and manage the amount of Monochamus alternatus Hope between June and August which is fit to diffuse the Pine Wile Disease on account of the temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall. Finally, it should to avoid planting single tree species and choose massoniana which is hard to feed by Monochamus alternatus Hope when afforestation.