| Peanut shelling is the necessary link of peanut operation after harvest,and shelling operation basically realized mechanization in our country,but the mechanical shelling has the problem of low efficiency and high damage,with peanut shelling operations still deficiencies for the higher quality requirements for seed.Aiming at the problems of specific situation which small amount of peanut but many varieties, and pods of different sizes, and low efficiency of artificial shells and high damage of mechanical shelling and low of shelling rate in peanut breeding research.Combined with the national natural science funds projects named" Peanut shelling and mechanical damage mechanism and low damage of shelling machine technology research"(project number:50775151) and the specialized research fund for the doctoral program of higher education project of "Principles of main mechanisms and key technology of peanut combine with pickup head and thresher"(project number: 20122103110009).According to the related literature at home and abroad to consult,by adopting the combination of theory and experiment method,aiming at peanut production status,principle and technology of existing shelling, shell structure and physical properties test from several aspects of research,propose scheme of the small three level rotary and single row three roll parallel shelling,design peanut sheller with three drums for plot breeding,and the structure design and parameter optimization that critical components of shelling drum, rotation rod, transmission system.Test purpose is plot breeding and test object peanut variety is baisha1016.The three parameters:drum rotating speed, concave plate clearance and hit the number of rods were selected as experimental factor, peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injury rate were selected as experimental index, and study on optimization experiment. Experimental results indicated that drum rotating speed, concave plate clearance and hit the number of rods all has influence on peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injure rate.This paper studies the main contents and conclusions are as follows:1) Through the analysis of mechanical characteristics of peanut,as to provide theoretical basis for the study of the peanut shelling.Through the test get the regular influence of the peanut moisture content on the peanut fullness, the pod shell breaking force, peanuts breakage force, pod and peanuts elastic modulus, compression work.2) Based on lots of experiments on the theory,propose design scheme and requirements of peanut sheller with three drums for plot breeding and analysis the force in the peanut shelling region to verify the feasibility of the shelling principle.3) The design of critical components and parameters optimization for peanut sheller with three drum for plot breeding.The peanut sheller is composed of the feeding device,shelling device,cleaning device and drive system. Shelling drum is composed of three sub rollers which are side-by-side on the same axis, it was able to adjust the distance with the concave screen, and increase or decrease the number of rods;Centrifugal fan with single air inlet for cleaning device;Transfer power through belt drive.4) Using the prototype to conduct the performance test of peanut.The main performance parameters of the peanut sheller are drum rotating speed, concave plate clearance and hit the number of rods and peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injury rate were selected as experimental index.By analysis the performance test for the degree influence of the parameters on the performance indicators, in order to get the effect of peanut shelling device performance factors in order and the optimal parameters combination.In summary,this paper propose the shelling structure principle,after grading of peanut pods shelling operations at the same time.Suitable for peanut breeding; shelling, many varieties, and pods of different sizes.It will provide scientific guidance and theoretical basis for further development of the peanut sheller. |
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