Comprehensive Evalation On Quality Traits Of Part Indian Wheat Germplasm

In order to discover the excellent germplasm resources and equip hybrid parents scientificly, the genetic diversity of wheat was analyzed.The quality of 21 wheat germplasm in India was comprehensively evaluated by SDS-PAGE, A-PAGE, and DA7200 near-infrared analyzer and agronomic characters.The result was as follows :1.The genetic diversity on gliadin of 21 Indian wheat material was studied by A-PAGE. A total of 330 bands were identified in the examined wheat accessions. 11 to 18 gliadin bands were identified in each accession, with an average of 15.71.32 gliadin bands with different relative mobility were observed by electrophoresis. Bands No. 2 and No. 3 had the highest present frequencies of 95.24% and 90.48% respectively.From the frequency of each band in all materials, the total variation range was 4.76% ~ 95.24%.The mean genetic distance(GD) was 0.56, ranging from 0.24 to 0.88.All of the tested materials could be classified into1 clusters at the level of GD 0.56 and 3 clusters at the level of GD 0.578.The result indicated that the wheat cultivars or lines examined in this study had a rich genetic diversity at the gliadin loci.2.The HMW-GS compositions of 21 Indian wheat germplasms were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that there were 12 types of HWM-GS subunit and 14 subunit combinations. And 3 types of subunit alleles at locus of Glu-A1(Null, 1 and 2*), 4 subunit types(7+8,17+18,7,7+9,13+16) at Glu-B1 and 4 subunit types(5+10,2+12,4+12,5+12) at Glu-D1.The frequency of good quality bread making subunits combination 2+12 and 17+18 were 47.6% and 28.6%, that of 5+10 and 5+12 were 23.8% and 14.3%.The frequencies of subunit combinations of “2*, 7+8, 5+10” and “2*, 17+18, 5+12” were both 4.8% and 9.5%, “1, 17+18, 2+12” was 9.5%. Most materials of quality score was 7 to 8 points, with an average of 7.52 points. The quality score of 10 cultivars were more than 8 points, accounting for 47.6% of the total materials.3. The results of agronomic characters, disease resistance, and DA7200 near-infrared analyzer showed that plant heightof 21 wheat germplasm were higher(91.0 cm), and most quality indices of these materials were low. Field resistance identification showed that most material was of high resistance to wheat stripe rust.It may be have excellent disease resistance gene, which can provide germplasm resources for breeding new varieties against stripe rust and fusarium head blight.