The Research Analysis Of Near Natural Plant Communities In Harbin Botanical Garden And Plant Communities In MaoerShan

China is in full swing in the construction of Ecological Garden City.At present has been built near natural garden in Beijing Olympic Forest Park, people’s Park,in Xinxiang City, the Arboretum in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, Zhongshan Qijiang Park in Guangdong and so on. The ecological benefits of the near natural garden are quite generous.Harbin is stepping up the construction of Ecological Garden City, while the government is increasing the intensity of ecological landscape construction. The city plans to demolish the original building and increase green space to construct of the city green lung in nearly 10 hectares of land. The ecological pattern is simplified as "point,surface and ring". In recent years, the landscape ecology construction of the Harbin city has achieved initial success. Currently People’s Square Green Space, Dafanfli Green Space, Majiagou Green Belt and other ecological green spaces have been built. The section of Harbin Railway Museum Park has been completed. The rest is under a intense construction.The main contents of the study are as follows:(1)The main conclusions and suggestions: Overview of domestic and foreign near natural landscape theory and practice of the research progress, sums up the relevant basic theories of the near natural plant community landscape construction, such as species diversity theory, sustainable development theory, landscape stability theory, the theory of ecological aesthetics, the theory of urban ecology basic theory.( 2) Plant community landscape ecological characteristics of investigation and research,including the type of plant communities, species composition, tree species important value, plant height, diameter, crown width and plant landscape configuration(Tree, shrub density analysis and evergreen and deciduous trees and arbor and shrub species comparative analysis of these five aspects. The investigation will be of natural plant communities in and near natural plant community carries on the contrast analysis, summarized both data index, appear to be the result of analysis.( 3) Species diversity analysis, using the index of Margalel, Shannon Wiener index and Pielou index of three indicators to measure plant community species richness and species diversity characteristics and species distribution uniformity reflect ecological community structure characteristics.(4)Plant landscape ecological function analysis and reduction from the landscape plants to the noise and air cleaning function to measure the ecological function of plant community. Mainly through the community of noise attenuation reduction analysis of natural and near natural plant community of noise reduction effect, to reduce the effect of noise effects of different vertical structure of the community is summarized. By community measurements of negative air ion concentration value judgment of natural and near natural plant community air clean degree,compared different vertical structure of the plant community of negative air ion concentration,judge effects of different vertical structure of the plant communities on air quality.(5)Summary of near natural plant community landscape configuration principles, including ecological principle, the principle of biodiversity, the appropriate optimum tree principle and species similarity principle, respect for the principles of natural, people-oriented principle, art and landscape aesthetic principles, the principle of stability, the original is construction of near natural plant community and requirements of the premise.(6)To Harbin near natural plant community configuration recommendations, pay attention to native species and area advantage, in ensuring the premise of species richness of the community to increase the number of plants; configuration process should give full consideration to the crown of tree species, height, diameter class to the community landscape bring visual effect; pay attention to certain plant flowering and fruiting.Overall, the Maoer Shan natural ecological structure of plant communities and ecological functions are superior to the Botanical Garden near the natural plant community; the community and landscape effects, botanical garden near the natural plant community landscape better.