| Citrus is a major agricultural products in China, China is the main producing countries of citrus, the growing area of the world’s first. Citrus deep processing and scientific research, caused widespread concern from all walks of life, with the development is becoming more and more severe form of food safety, labor cost growth, highly automated production lines, the development of citrus peeling machinery is a problem placed in front of us. At present, inside and outside the country, the existing wide orange peel peeling equipment, l scratch skin rate is low. Existing peeling device is not flanging process, can not guarantee that all citrus peels are cut and turned up and orange peel of citrus fruit handle at the top of the compared with other parts of the hard and thick, tangerine pith density, orange peel and orange flap between the cohesive force, resulting in follow-up of peeling roller peel a stripping net rate is low; in addition, knife roller and citrus high-speed collision, resulting in high pulp injury rate. Therefore, domestic and foreign existing wide orange peel peeling equipment widespread pericarp peeling rate is low, the flesh injury rate higher, limit its application in Citrus processing industry.In view of the problems existing in the present peeling equipment, the research group proposed a new citrus peeling method, including top removal, ring cutting(ring peel), flanging, and peeling process. In this paper, for the removal of citrus fruit stalk Department of skin and along the citrus fruit size the widest part(vertical orange flap gap) ring cutting a week and peel cut operation requirements, design a top removal and ring cutting device, and based on the performance test, of structure parameters and operation parameters were optimized. The main research contents and results of this paper include:(1) The method of top removing and ring cutting of citrus was analyzed. Collect related patents and literature data, combined with the existing technical scheme, carry out the citrus to top ring cutting pretest, determine the citrus does not move to the top of tool rotation to the top and ring cutter real citrus rotating ring cutting; by reference to the domestic and foreign existing fruit peeled to nuclei and the scheme of comparative analysis and experimental study, determined to top knife from Citrus top side embedded citrus and rotation resection citrus top peel and with connected dense tangerine pith to top of the scheme.(2) The development of a citrus top removing and ring cutting device. On the basis of the program of top removing and ring cutting,designing and trial of the device to the top removing and ring cutting. The device mainly consists of motor, tool box, centering mechanism, top removing mechanism and other components. Top removing of the centering mechanism and top removing mechanism to achieve the removal of the top citrus peel, mainly to complete the scratch at the largest citrus fruit diameter by a ring cutting mechanism and the ring cutter knife.(3) To carry out the top removing and ring cutting device to the performance of the top removing test. The single factor test to the performance of the top removing impact factors of developing heating time, rotating speed of cutter shaft, tool diameter of gyration, tooth shape and tooth height etc. the main influence on the device, based on to the top of single factor experiment, the tool diameter of gyration, tooth shape, tooth height of three the orthogonal test of three factors, the results showed that the order of the top three factors to success rate of top removing and the damage rate of top removing is not consistent, through the comprehensive balance method to determine the optimal process parameters to the top level combination for heating time 90 s, rotating speed of cutter shaft of 120r/min, tool diameter of gyration of 20 mm, tooth height was 6mm, the tooth shape was curved teeth, this condition to the success rate of top removing was 96.7%, the damage rate of top removing was 3.2%.(4) The performance test of the ring cutting device of the top ring cutting device was carried out. Through the influences of Citrus ring cutting effect of heat ing time, a rotating speed of cutter shaft and Installation method of tool of three factors of single factor test. The test results showed that: at alpha = 0.05 level, heating time, rotating speed of cutter shaft had no significant effect on the rate of ring cutting, the installation method of tool of ring cutting have a significant effect the rate of ring cutting, heating time, rotating speed of cutter shaft, installation of tool for damage rate was affected were significant(P < 0.05); heating time 90 s, rotating speed of cutter shaft 100r/min-120r/min,ring cutter adopts a close type ring cutting performance is better. |
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