Study On The Key Techniques Of High Yield Cultivation Of Pumpkins In Plastic House

Pumpkin(Cucurbita maxima) is not only an important vegetables of grain and vegetable in our China, but also universal cultivated all over the world. At present, It is being further explored to the standard of key techniques for high yield cultivation of pumpkin in plastic.In this study,Different pruning ways and the various plant growth regulator(ET,CCC,PB.etc.) induced the development of female flowers,controlled vegetative growth and protection of flower and Fruit to complete the vegetative and reproductive growth and being in reasonable state.The research was used ’Yong’an NO.2’(the type of Cucurbita maxima),’mini Jade’ and ’mini oranges’ experimental materials, treated with different chemicals in the pumpkin seedling and blossom fruit period. To explore the effect of the growth and yield of pumpkin, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the quality and high efficiency cultivation of plastic greenhouses in autumn. The main results are as follows:1. After 2~3 times of pruning on Cucurbita maxima of Yong’an NO.2, The double vine pruning of the yield of per plant are higher1.32 kg,the first female flower node lowered 0.2 and 2~3 days flower earlier than one wine with one guard.Although the single and double pruning density is different, the double vine pruning yields up to 5016 kg, the single vine pruning is 3078 kg per mu.2. It can significantly reduce the node of first flower, early flowering and increase the number of female flower that with Zenggualing, ethephon induced the development of female flower compared with the CK in pumpkin seedlings;Especially, with5g/L Zenggualing treatment have significantly effect at the 6~8 leaf stage:To compare the CK, the first flower reduce 3.84 nodes, 5~7 days earlier flowering, the number of pistillate flowers increase 87.47%;Application of 100 mg/L ethephon treatment reception is very significant at the 4~5 leaf stage, the first female flower reduce 2.84 nodes, early 4~5 days to flowering, number of pistillate flowers increase 54.50%; Among the other treatments results is not significant.3. Application of different concentrations of PB and CCC have a great impact that the higher the concentration, the more obvious the effect of inhibiting nutrition growth on the morphological indicators of pumpkin plant.One of the 500mg/L PB can significantly get shorter the length of leaf segment and lower 99.17 cm than the CK in pumpkin; the control effect is the best with 200mg/LCCC.meanwhile,dark green leaves,the length of stator solidity reduce 50.17 cm between 10~30 nodes, petioles and leaf blades were reduced, but poor little diversity.4. Three kinds of chemicals(Qiji,Zuoguoling and Guomeining)have a significant role in flower and fruit retention compare to CK when the day or 1~2 days before blossom dip it in pumpkin plant.meanwhile,Qiji has an effect to increase the fruit-setting rate and high yields:three varieties of pumpkin(Yong’an NO.2,’mini Jade ’and’ mini ’oranges)respectively increase 12.88%,54.14% and 45.98%. Therefore, the order of fruit-setting rate and the yield of per plant from high to low is Qiji> Zuoguoling >Guomeining.5.Compared to the artificial pollination and natural state,the way of applying the stigma can significantly improve the rate of pumpkin fruit-setting per plant and get high yield; while,the reception of artificial pollination times, in which the fruit is uniform size, bright color, high yield in pumpkin plant. But the way of applying the ovary lead in low fruit-setting rate effect is not obvious, and the size of fruit is not consistent.