Evaluation And Conservation Planning Of Plants Diversity Around The Ancient City Of Jingzhou

Urban biodiversity is closely related to the sustainable development of inhabitation environment, eco-system and social economy. With the accelerating process of urbanization and sharp growth of population and resource consumption, urban biodiversity research and protection has become increasingly important. As plant resources is the basis of urban biodiversity, so the research on the plant diversity of urban green space would play an very important role in conservation planning of urban biodiversity.In order to study on the present situation of parkland plant diversity around the ancient city of Jingzhou and put forward protection plans for it, we investigated and analyzed the plant resources and plant community in the area, which included plant species and present allocation condition, community structures and distribution. These preliminary investigation and analysis would provide fundamental data and theoretical basis for the future urban green space plant diversity protection and planning.The results of this research are as follows:1. There are 301 species of vascular plants, including cultivated plants and wild plants around the green space of the ancient city of Jingzhou. Among them, there were 165 cultivated plants belonging to 64 families,97 genera,153 angiosperms to 7 families, 10 genera and 12 gymnosperms. Angiosperms occupies the dominant position. According to the classification of plant characters, plants in this area were divided into 87 macrophanerophytes,44 shrubs,29 cover plants,4 bamboo plants,18 herbs and 12 aquatic macrophytes. And 136 wild plants were pertained to 45 families,101 genera, including 119 herbs,9 shrubs and 8 vines. Among all the plants,223 species were accounting for 74.1% and 87 exotic species for 25.9%. Although the native species were the majority, most of them are wild herbs often treated as weeds, which decreased the characteristics of greening plants in Jingzhou city. In the green plants, Magnoliaceae(14 genera,8 species), Rosaceae(2 genera,7 species), Leguminosae(4 genera,10 species), Gramineae (5 genera,8 species) and Oleaceae(7 genera,9 species) were widely applied.2. There was a certain correlation between the important values of plants and the frequencies of the occurrence among the plants. In the investigation of green space, Camphor a officinarum, Paper mulberry, Redrlowered loropetalum, Photinia frase, Cynodon dactylon and Manila were not only the most common species, but also significantly higher in the community dominance index than those of other plant species. The high frequency species were not that many, and promotion and application of plant species in the garden green space was still very limited.3. Around the ancient city of Jingzhou, deciduous trees and evergreen shrubs were widely used. In this survey of 165 plants, there were 58 evergreen plants, accounting for 35.2% and 107 deciduous plants accounting for 64.8%. The ratio of evergreen and deciduous plants was about 1:1.8, and deciduous plants was a little bit more. This ratio was relatively scientific and reasonable, because deciduous trees usually have good ecological functions of flowering and folia, could fully reflect dynamic changes and the seasonal colors of plant landscape of the city, and show unique styles of the landscape in seasons.4. The most frequent community type was arbor-shrub-herbage, secondly arbor-shrub, arbor-herbage and shrub-herbage and others were rare, indicating that complex construction of community with more layers was paid much attention to in the construction of urban greening. This was conducive to the stablity and harmonious development of plant communities and achieving good landscape and ecological benefits.5. According to field investigation analysis, the pollution status of the ecological environment, especially the water quality, was becoming increasingly aggravated, directly leading to the decrease of some plant species. In the investigated area, it was preliminary understood that there were about 9 harmful plants. So it is necessary to take effective and safe defense measures to restrain and solve the spread of the invasive species and then to protect other biological communities from being violated.6. There was a high abundance of plant species around the green space of the ancient city of Jingzhou and the order was:herbs, trees and shrubs. Plant species evenness index was ranked in the order:trees, shrubs, herbs, and Plant diversity level: herbs, trees, shrubs. In addition, plant species diversity index in all areas were followed by:City Wall Park, Bright Moon Park, Kowloon Park, Royal River Square, Three Kingdoms Park and Golden Phoenix Square.7. In general, plant species richness index with stratified community structure was higher than single layer ones, and the rank was arbor-shrub-herbage, arbor-herbage, shrub-herbage, arbor-shrub, herbage, shrub and arbor. Plant species evenness index were ranked in the order:arbor-shrub-herbage, arbor-shrub, arbor-herbage, arbor, shrub-herbage, herbage and shrub, and plant diversity level:arbor-shrub-herbage, arbor-herbage, arbor-shrub, shrub-herbage, arbor, shrub and herbage.From the above results of plant diversity research and analysis in ancient town district of Jingzhou city, we have realised that there are many problems to be solved about green plants, such as the low level of species diversity, the imperfection of the landscape diversity, unreasonable community structures, high frequency of repetitive use and uneven distribution of plants, lacking distinct features and so on.In this study, we proposed some feasible and practical advice for each green land according to the current situations of plant resources in ancient town district of Jingzhou city by method of combining the theory with practice. Its core concept was taking effective and scientific management to environmental pollution and keeping the environment clean, increasing species richness of garden plants, paying attention to the diversity of plant landscape, riching plant community structure and spatial levels, vigorously developing and applying native plant species to strengthen regional characteristics, appropriating to introduce and cultivate the alien species, striving to create a harmonious and stable urban ecological system, and realizing conception of ecological garden in Jingzhou city. In addition, we would rely on the culture and historical background of Jingzhou city to create a system of ecological tourism routes.