Mongolian Horse And Thoroughbred Intestinal Fungal Diversity Preliminary Research And Analysis

Recent years, even the horse racing and the horse shows having developed into the world’s emerging industries, the treatment of the horse gastrointestinal diseases were ignored, which seriously affected the performance of the horses. The Mongolia horse living in the harsh Mongolian Plateau, being born with various excellent characteristics, rare have an intestinal disease, which may be inextricably linked to the role of intestinal microflora. In this study, we choose the Mongolia horse and the Thoroughbred horses as researching animals to explore the biodiversity of the horses intestinal fungal, using the technology of fecal DNA extraction and PCR-DGGE combined with DNA sequencing. The research animals were divided into two groups which in the first group all the Mongolian horse and the Thoroughbred horse were reared under the same conditions, but in the second group Mongolian horse were selected from the different feeding conditions. Results:1 The high quality total DNA was extracted using Classic test kit stool fungal. The PCR procedures were carried out by combining the two methods:Nested PCR and Drop PCR. To enhance the specificity of the target DNA sequence, the BSA was joined in the PCR system.2 The study of DGGE fingerprints preliminarily showed that there are so complex fungal microorganisms in the gut of the Mongolian horse and the Thoroughbred horses, being numerous strips in each lane. The Quantity One software was used to generate the figure of the analysis of the DGGE model. The principal component analysis showed that, there are some different species, butMongolian horse and Thoroughbred horse gut fungi mostly the same. UPGMA dendrogram analysis showed that the intraspecific similarity of the gut fungi species is greater than the interspecies, and comparing with the Mongolian horse that intraspecific similarity in the Thoroughbred horse is greater. Comparing with the Mongolian horse under different feeding conditions, the similarity of the gut fungi species in is lower than that under the same rearing conditions. The t-test of microbial diversity, richness and evenness index certificate that the difference of the intestinal fungal microorganisms were not significantly among the Mongolian horses and the Thoroughbreds, and the Mongolian horses under different feeding conditions.3 The fungal microorganisms DNA sequencing, being separated from the Mongolian horse and the Thoroughbred horse, show that almost all strains are belong to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota, and Ascomycota is the most abundant. For the Mongolian horse,39 fungi species were detected, including 60% of the determined species and 40% of the unknown fungus. For the Thoroughbred horses,31 fungi species were detected, including 54.8% of the determined species and 45.2%of the unknown fungus. For the grass Mongolian horse grazing,31 fungi species were detected, including 42% of the determined species and 58% of the unknown fungus. The above research reflected that the horses intestinal fungal microorganisms are unknown part.4 The sharing fungal microorganisms species of the Mongolian horse and the Thoroughbred horse include Piromyces sp., Caecomyces sp., Ascobolus stercorarius, Ascobolus crenulatus, Pichia kudriavzevii, Penicillium aurantiogriseum and some exogenous fungi.Only Mongolian horse contain fungi:Cyllamyces aberensis, Caecomyces communis, Rhodotorula minuta and a number of exogenous fungal genus. Only Thoroughbred horse contain fungi:Uncultured Ascobolus and Buwchfawromyces eastonii. the fungus species about the Mongolian horse under specific conditions of grazing grass mainly exogenous fungi. Hay shed under the new conditions detected Sporidiobolus sp., Penicillium expansum and Buwchfawromyces eastonii.