Study On The Ecosystem Service Function Of The Ecological Public Welfare Forest In Qiongzhong County Of Hainan Province

Forest is the main part of terrestrial ecosystem and the cradle for human evolution. It plays an important role in interchange of material and energy flow in living and non-living systems, and has central and lever effect on maintaining the overall function of terrestrial ecosystem, keeping the earth’s ecological balance and promoting the coordinated development of economy and ecology. However, with the development of social economy, ecological environment is gradually damaged, especially in the comprehensive construction of Hainan international tourism island, there is no doubt that it is a great challenge to the construction of forest ecological protection. Therefore, it should scientifically evaluate forest ecosystem service, directly and objectively reflect the strategic position and role of forests in the substantial development of economy and society, promote ecosystem service benefits to be included in new system of national accounts such as ecology GDP, etc., correctly do with the relationship between social economic development and ecological environmental protection, and serve macro policies of all regions.This paper takes the latest survey data of forest resources and forest ecosystem positioning observation research network data in Qiongzhong County as basis to summarize the types of forest ecosystem service, and carry on the detailed elaboration and analysis on the mechanism and evaluation method of forest ecosystem services. Results show that in 2014, the public-welfare forest ecosystem service in Qiongzhong County was significant, and the total value of ecosystem service is 20,183,344,400 yuan; the proportion of the value of eight functions of the main forest types is respectively:the value of water conservation function is 10,840,893,200 yuan, accounting for 53.71%; the value of soil conservation function is 166,615,700 yuan, accounting for 0.83%; the value of carbon fixation and oxygen release function is 913,145,900 yuan, accounting for 4.52%; the value of trees nutrient accumulation 52,666,600 yuan, accounting for 0.26%; the value of environment purification function 2,300,622,100 yuan, accounting for 11.40%; the value of protective function is 1,429,582,700 yuan, accounting for 7.08%; the value of biodiversity function 3,377,795,300 yuan, accounting for 16.74%; the value of forest recreation function is 1,102,022,900 yuan, accounting for 5.46%. The ranking of the service function value of each item is:water conservation biodiversity conservation> environment purification>forest recreation>forest protection>carbon fixation and oxygen release>soil conservation> forest nutrient accumulation.According to the analysis of ecosystem service function and values of ecological public-welfare forests, the suggestions are put forward for the construction and management of ecological public-welfare forests, to strengthen the monitoring strengthen of ecological public-welfare forests, adjust compensating standard of ecological public-welfare forests, and transform the positioning of ecological public-welfare forests’development space, etc.