Research Of Corn Farmland Environment And Crop Growth By Drip Irrigation Under Mulch Film

Four provinces in Northeast China is one of the main grain producing areas in China. Due to the constraints of water resources and low utilization rate of irrigation water, the potential of agricultural production cannot be effectively played. According to the situation of water resources in Northeast China, the level of agricultural production and natural climate geography, in this paper, the inner mechanism of water saving and yield increasing of spring maize under mulch drip irrigation was studied, To provide a theoretical basis for the integration and construction of the regional suitable for drip irrigation under mulch drip irrigation.In this study, film mulching treatment(T1) and no mulch treatment(T2) were set. The data analysis method was combined with field experiment and laboratory test. The response relationship between farmland environment and crop growth under mulch drip irrigation in Northeast China was studied. The research shows:1. During the whole growth period, T1 and T2 soil moisture trend is consistent; the change of soil moisture content in the wet layer is more severe; in the whole growth period, average volumetric soil moisture rate of T1 was 32.4%, increased 13% compared with 28.65% of T2, which indicated film mulching significantly improved soil moisture content. The soil water content at different growth stages of T1 and T2 were gradually increased along the depth, and T1 was higher than that of T2; The soil moisture content of 0~50cm has larger fluctuations than that of 50~100cm. At seedling stage, the soil moisture content in 0~30cm of T1 and T2 is far less than the soil moisture content before sowing, reaching the maximum value at 45 cm. At jointing stage, 0~30 cm average soil water content of T1 is 12.6% higher than that of T2, 30~50cm soil moisture content along the depth of the soil increased slowly, and the growth rate was significantly lower than that at seedling stage. At heading Stage, after large rainfall, soil water content of T1 and T2 was higher than that of field capacity, and 30~50cm soil water supply is more obvious. At the filling stage, maize water consumption was large, soil water content of T1 and T2 dropped to far less than before sowing.2. The film mulch effectively reduced evaporation amount between row crops. At the whole growth period, average daily evaporation of T1 was 0.4mm/d; T2 was 0.75 mm/D, showing the difference was significant. At different growth period, the evaporation capacity of T2 days was larger and fluctuation was obvious.3. The film mulch improved the water use efficiency. The water use efficiency of T1 was 4.09kg/m3; T2 was 3.75kg/m3; and rain fed cultivation(local traditional planting) was 3.12 kg/m3.4. The soil temperature in different soil layers of film mulching treatment were higher than the non-film mulching treatments, and the difference was significant(p<0.05), 0~20cm the average soil temperature increase of 1.41 ℃, 20~40cm temperature increase of 1.57℃, 40~60cm temperature increase of 1.19℃, and 60~80cm temperature increase of 0.73℃. T1 and T2 at seedling stage, soil temperature diurnal variation in 5cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, and 25 cm showed an inverted V type change, first slowly increased to a maximum value and then decreased. Sensitive degree of surface soil temperature affected by atmospheric temperature performance for the 5cm>10cm>15cm>20cm>25cm, but correlation between different soil temperature and air temperature in 5cm of T1 was lower than that of T2.5. Film mulching enhanced near formation interlines temperature, but reduced interlines air humidity; rules of diurnal variation of T1 and T2 at different heights of the air temperature and humidity are basically consistent, roughly "U" type curve. Effect of mulching treatment on 1/2 plant height between the air temperature and humidity is not obvious. At filling stage, in 10 cm from ground, interline daily air temperature of T1 is higher than that of T2, but for seedling during this period from 10:00 to 19:00, T2 was higher than that of T1, other time is the opposite. Interline air temperature increases, while the air humidity decreases and at the growth stages, large fluctuations is in the early, late slow.6. The maize plant height and leaf area changes for T1 is better than T2, but the difference was not significant(p<0.05), with days after sowing together to establish better relations between polynomial regression. T1 is shorter than T2 the growth period of 2 days, 6 days shorter than rained planting.7. In the yield, T1 is 1241 kg per mu yield and 2.1% higher than that of T2, 23.1% than the rained planting; T2 is 20.5% higher than the rained planting. Overall, film mulching treatment of spring corn has high economic benefits. The performance of grain or spike in different treatments is rain fed cultivation > T2>T1, but in the 100 grain weight on the contrary.