| From May 2014 to November 2014, the behaviors of ibex(Capra ibex) in the eastern border region of Altai Mountains were investigated to study its activity rhythms and social structure using focal-sampling by infrared cameras, to discusses the difference of activity rhythms between day and night and among different seasons,to analyzes the difference of the aggregate habits and its group size and frequency among different seasons。Day intensity differences index α, diurnal index β and activity intensity index γwere used to analyze the activity rhythms of ibex in different seasons. The results showed that the day intensity differences index αand diurnal index βin different months differed significantly(α: t=11.893, df=6, P<0.01; β: t=21.496, df=6, P<0.01),and β =0.83 > 13/14, suggesting the ibex was typical diurnal animal; that the ibex have two obvious peaks in every day(7:30-9:30 and 19:30-21:00 in spring, 8:00-10:00and 19:00-21:00 in summer, 9:00-11:00 and 18:00-20:00 in autumn). There were significant difference of activity rhythm of ibex in each season(χ2=7.430, df=2,P=0.024﹤0.05).The aggregate habits of ibex was divided into five types: the male group, female group, solitary, ewe-lamb group and mix group. The average group size was 2.94±1.63 individuals( 1-13) per group, every kinds of group differed significantly(χ2=262.501,df=4,P﹤0.01). In each kind of group, the frequency of ewe-lamb group was highest in every season, the frequency of male group was highest in summer, the frequency of female group, solitary and mix group were highest in autumn. The frequency of five groups in each season differed significantly(Spring: χ2=75.873, df=4, P﹤0.01; summer:χ2=68.377, df=4, P﹤0.01;autumn:χ2=116.682, df=4, P﹤0.01), so as to the frequency of each group among seasons(χ2=18.918, df=2, P﹤0.01) and the frequency of different group sizes among seasons(χ2=18.684, df=2, P ﹤ 0.01). However, the average group size of different groups among seasons didn’t differ significantly. |
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