| Capra ibex,belonging to the Mammalia Artiodactyla Bovidae subfamily Caprinae(Capra).The northern goat is distributed in the alpine region of central Asia,and can be found in xinjiang,northwestern Tibet,qinghai,northern gansu and western Inner Mongolia.As the national ? level key protected wild animals,the IUCN.The red list lists it as low risk(LC).From March 2014 to June 2018,a field survey was conducted in the distribution area of north goat(41 ° 43 '~ 41 ° 56' N,105 ° 57 '~ 106 ° 14' E)in the north of urat rear banner,bayan nur city,Inner Mongolia autonomous region.The sample line,sample point and infrared camera monitoring method were used to investigate the population number,gender and juvenile of north goat.Record density,water source,and resting point information.Through the research on the survival status and habitat selection of beishan goat,the factors affecting the survival status and living environment of beishan goat population in this region were discussed,and the threat factors affecting the population and the protection countermeasures were analyzed.The research on the subspecies of gobi goat in Inner Mongolia was supplemented.The main results of my paper were as following:(1)A total of 128 infrared camera arrays(sg-880v)were set up in 48 locations according to the study of the activity traces,landforms,food resources,water sources and sleeping spots of the goat.The total length of the field survey line was 214 km and the survey area was 198 km,accounting for69% of the area of the northern goat.The population number of north goat is about 183 ± 8,the density is 0.61 / km,the adult sex ratio is 1:1.4,the larvae and subadults account for 29% of the total population.A total of 13,286 photos were obtained from 128 infrared cameras in 364 days,including 4,673 photos of northern goats,6,419 photos of domestic animals and 2,194 photosof other wild animals.Photos of the north goat accounted for 35.2% of the total number of photos taken,livestock accounted for 48.3%,and wild animals accounted for 16.5%.(2)in the cold season,the northern goat prefers the middle slope position,while the downhill position is to avoid the choice;Prefer to choose the sunny slope,avoid to choose the negative slope;When the altitude is between 1000 and 1100m,the northern goats prefer to use this height in the cold season.When the altitude is between 1100 and 1200 m,the northern goat avoids selection in this range.When the altitude is less than 1000 m or greater than 1200 m,the northern goat randomly USES this area.In the cold season,the northern goats have no preference to avoid different degrees of concealment,which are all selected randomly.When the distance from the residential area is between 2000 m and 3000 m,the northern goat prefers to choose this distance.When the distance between the northern goat and the residential area is less than 1000 m,the distance should be avoided.When the distance from the residential area is 1000 ~ 2000 m or greater than 3000 m,the northern goat randomly USES this area.When the distance of water source is less than 1000 ~ 1500 m,the northern goat prefers to choose.When the distance of water source is 1500 ~ 2000 m and less than 1000 m,the region is randomly selected.When the distance from the salt point is less than 1000 and greater than 2000 m,avoid selecting this position.When the distance from the salt point is between 2000 m and 3000 m,the region is randomly selected.Avoid selecting this position when 1000 ~ 2000 m from the salt point.During the warm season,the north goat prefers the middle slope position,while the downhill position is avoided.When the altitude is between 1100 and1200 m,the northern goat avoids selection in this range.When the altitude is greater than 1200,the northern goat is randomly used.The north goat preferred to choose the hiding degree in the position of 30 ~ 50%.When the degree of concealment is between 50 and 70%,the northern goat avoids this position.When the degree of concealment is less than 30% and more than70%,the position is used randomly.When the distance between the northerngoat and the residential area is less than 1000 m,they prefer to use this location.When greater than 3000 m,avoid selecting the distance;When in the range of 2000 ~ 3000 m,the northern goat randomly USES this distance.When the distance of water source is more than 1500 m,the northern goat prefers to choose.When the distance of water source is less than 1500 m,avoid selecting this area.When the distance from the salt point is greater than 2000 m,the region is preferred;Avoid selecting this region when the distance to the salt point is less than 1000 m.When the distance from the salt point is 1000 ~2000m,the position is used randomly.(3)the contribution rates of the seven main characteristic values in the cold season were 68.121%,15.224%,13.572%,3.921%,1.221%,0.810% and0.136%,respectively.Altitude,degree of seclusion,distance from residential area,distance from salt point and distance from water point are the first component factors,indicating that these factors have a great effect on the habitat selection of northern goat.The second component factor is formed by the large information load of slope position and slope direction.The contribution rates of the seven main characteristic values in the warm season were 67.462%,14.386%,13.621%,3.453%,0.499%,0.435%and 0.144%,respectively.Altitude,distance from residential area,degree of seclusion,distance from water source and distance from salt point are the first component factors,indicating that these factors have a great effect on habitat selection of northern goat.The second component factor is formed by the large information load of slope position and slope direction.In recent years,due to grazing,climate drought,water shortage and other reasons,the habitat of northern goat has been affected to some extent.Meanwhile,poaching has occurred from time to time,and the population of northern goat has been decreasing.Up to now,there is no record on the distribution of north goats in Inner Mongolia.The investigation of the current situation of north goat population is helpful to lay a foundation for the protection of north goat in Inner Mongolia. |
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