Comparative Study On Eco-physiological Of Different Types Of Astragalus Membranaceus (Fish.) Bge.

Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge. is a plant of the family leguminous and a perennial herb.Its roots are usually used as a traditional staple medicinal material.In recent years,with the destruction of the ecological environment and unreasonable collection,wild resources of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.decreased dramatically.Consequently.The wild resources are replaced by the cultivation resources as the development trend of Astragalus membranaceus. In the cultivated Astragalus membranaceus groups, some new types were found,which can provide the basic information for new variety breeding of Astragalus membranaceus. Based on the five different types of Astragalus membranaceus. the differences between morphological and agronomic characteristics,quality,photosynthetic rate and the different type seeds are analyzed and compared, therefore, fine variety of Astragalus. can be chosen.The main research conclusions are as follows:1、On the basis of morphological characteristics,a systematic study was made about cultivation Astragalus membranaceus, and 5 types of mutation had been divided.They were named as No.1“intermediate bark with sting”,No.2“purple bark with sting”,No. 3“green bark with sting”,No.4“intermediate smooth bark”and No.5“smooth green bark”.2、The study on the comparison of different types of agronomic traits showed:agronomic traits were different in 5 cultivation form. It demonstrated that:No.1、No.3 and No.4 has a good botanical features and strong lodging resistance and stress resistance.In cultivation group,the stem diameter,width and length of root,tiller number were the main factors that affected the underground biomass.Meanwhile,The auxiliary index of high yield of astragalus membranaceus is determined by tiller number,root length,stem diameter and leaf width. This study provides the rich biography to its variety breeding of Astragalus membranaceus.3、The results of 5 different types of astragaloside Ⅳ showed that the various types had great differences and reached significant level(P﹤0.01),And astragaloside Ⅳ were 0.529、0.880、0.595、0.486、0.639mg·g﹣1 respectively, astragaloside Ⅳ in both No.2“purple bark with sting”and No.5“smooth green bark”,which are more suitable for Chinese medicine,health products, and pharmaceutical cosmetics,achieved a higher level which will become the focus of future study.4、By studying five different types of photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus.the results suggested that there were remarkable differences among those different types of photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus. No.2 “purple bark with sting” had increased rapidly and higher than the other four types. that it has higher ability to absorb light, can make full use of solar energy, can convert most of the solar energy into chemical energy, so as to accumulate more dry matter.The environmental factors have different effect on the Pn of different kinds of Astragalus membranaceus.No.1,No.3 and No.5 had the biggest correlation coefficient with Pn.No.2 had the biggest correlation coefficient with RH.No.4 had the biggest correlation coefficient with Ta.It is showed that different types of Astragalus membranaceus react differently in different environmental factors.Overall,PAR,RH and Ta were the main environmental factors which influenced the Pn of Astragalus membranaceus.5、Thousand seed weight, hard seed rate, viability, water absorption and the seed of germination of the five different types,to compare the differences among them as well as the correlation analysis of viability, water absorption and the seed of germination. The results showed that the morphology differences of five types seed had no remarkable difference. The germination rate, viability and absorption rate had great difference and reached significant level(P<0.05). The hard rate and germination rate of No. 2 “purple bark with sting” was higher than the other four types. Hard seed rate and germination rate were positively correlated(r=0.891),seed water absorption and germination rate were negatively correlated(r= ﹣0.886),Seed viability and the germination were positively correlated(r=0.918). Study indicated that No.2“purple bark with sting ” type is excellent;The type with high seed hard rate and high viability should be chosen for its variety breeding of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch).bge. which is the fundamental factor.This study provides the theoretical references to its variety breeding of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.