Integrated Agronomic Measures Of Astragalus Membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hisao Normative Cultivation In Sand Area

In this study,we used the Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Hengshan County of Yulin City of Shaanxi Province as experimental materials.And the objective of this study was to research the effect of different fertilization and ratios,sowing period and planting density on the growth and development,yield and content of active ingredients of Mongolian Astragalus.The results showed that:(1).Fertilization could promote the growth and development of Mongolian Astragalus,and although fertilization had no significant effect on the shoot height of Mongolian Astragalus,it could effectively promote the growth and development of its roots,and the effect of phosphate and potassium fertilizer was especially striking.The application of nitrogen fertilizer was conducive to the accumulation of Astragaloside IV,and the effect of N,P and K combination was much better.The addition of P and K was beneficial to the accumulation of polysaccharide,and its effect was: P>K,in addition,the potassium fertilizer also significantly increased the content of flavonoids,While the content of flavonoids in the treatment of nitrogen and phosphate was lower than that of the control.Fertilization was not conducive to the accumulation of Zn,and the single application of K as well as P and K collocation could promote the accumulation of Fe,while the content of Mn reduced with single application of P as well as P and K collocation.Besides,the single application of P,K as well as N and K collocation could significantly improve the content of Cu.(2).To conduct regression analysis on this study of N,P and K fertilizer,the yield regression equation was: Y=2685.518-246.222X1-166.639X2-149.674X3-475.035X1·X2-6.448X1·X3-413.808X2·X3-71.153X12+1003.557X22+386.395X32,and the quality regression equation was: Z=59.520+4.708X1-0.754X2+2.609X3+2.177X1·X2+1.934X1·X3-4.299X2·X3+5.118X12+ 4.485X22+4.980X32.Under this experiment conditions,the frequency analysis method was used for optimizing on yield and quality fertilization model,and the conclusions after considering was following.The target of yield ranged 4050 kg·hm-2 and the quality score above 70,these optimum fertilization scheme was: the amount of N was 90.03~103.568 kg·hm-2,P2O5 was 70.121~156.206 kg·hm-2 and K2 O was 96.143~167.569 kg·hm-2.(3).Sowing-date had no significant effect on root length and diameter,polysaccharide content and Mn content of Mongolian Astragalus.With the postponement of sowing-date,the contents of root dry mass,yield,Astragaloside IV and Cu increased until May 10 th and then decreased.However,the content of flavonoids was sustained reduced and was the lowest on May 20 th.Fe and Zn were gradually increased with the postponement of sowing-date,and had maximum contents on May 20 th.Comprehensive consideration the effect of sowing-date on the growth status,secondary metabolite and trace element contents of Mongolian Astragalus,and combined with the membership function analysis,the best sowing-date of the Mongolian Astragalus should be in early May,that is,May 10 th.(4).In general,the quality of Mongolian Astragalus with low planting density treatments was better than high planting density treatments in all aspects.In practical terms,the content of yield,root length and dry mass,polysaccharide and Zn of Mongolian Astragalus treated with 20×20 cm were maximum,and the root at 20×25 cm was the thickest.In addition,the contents of root length,diameter and dry mass were all increased first and then decreased.The contents of Astragaloside IV and flavonoids had similar varying tendency,that is,their content were higher in the range of 20×20~30 cm.For the trace elements,the density had little effect on Fe,and its content was the lowest at 15×10 cm.The effect of density on Mn and Cu was similar,and the lowest content of them were both at 20×15 cm.Considering the effect of density on the growth status,secondary metabolite and trace element contents of Mongolian Astragalus,and combined with the membership function analysis,the suitable planting density of the Mongolian Astragalus should be 20×20~30 cm,and the treatment of 20×20 cm would much better.