| Wudalianchi volcanoes groups are active volcano groups, which have more geological and biological evolution. And it is the world’s one of the important places of geological and biological evolution. LaoHei Mountain, Dongjiaodebu Mountain and Nangelaqiu Mountain are three volcanos, which were nearly one million years interval with Wudalianchi volcanoes. The soil physical and chemical properties and the diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms were detected and researched by using the soil physical and chemical conventional method and PCR-DGGE combination technology. Through the link of soil physical and chemical properties, the inner link between volcanoe age and rhizosphere microbial diversity was explored, which provided the theory basis and data support for the study on volcanic soil process.The conclusion is as follows:The soil organic matter and available nitrogen on the southern slope of the three volcanoes are lower than those on the northern slope. The soil pH, available potassium and available phosphorus on the southern slope of the three volcanoes are higher than those on the northern slope. The total nitrogen in the soil on the southern slope of Laohei Mountain and Dongjiaodebu Mountain is lower than that on the southern slope; the total nitrogen in the soil on southern slope of the Nangelaqiu Volcano is higher than that on northern slope. The organic matter, the total nitrogen, the available nitrogen, the pH and the available phosphorus of the soil on southern slopes of the three volcanoes are positively correlated with the volcanic age. On northern slopes of the three volcanoes, the available nitrogen and pH of the soil are positively correlated with the volcanic age. The organic substances, total nitrogen and available nitrogen of the soil have significantly positive co-relation with each other(P<0.01). The organic substances, total nitrogen and available nitrogen of the soil have remarkably negative co-relation with pH of the soil(P<0.05).Among these three volcanoes, the rhizosphere bacterial community structure in Laohei Mountain has the highest similarity with 0.44 value; the similarity in the rhizosphere bacterial community structure in Dongjiaodebu Mountain is the lowest with 0.28 value. The similarity in the rhizosphere bacterial community structure in south slopes of Laohei Mountain and Dongjiaodebu Mountain is higher than that in north slopes; the similarity in the rhizosphere bacterial community structure of Nangelaqiu Mountain is lower than that in north slopes. Among the south slopes of the three volcanoes, the indexes of rhizosphere bacteria richness and diversity in Dongjiaodebu Mountain are the highest with 15 and 2.6 value respectively; The lowest indexes of rhizosphere bacteria richness and diversity in Nangelaqiu Mountain are 12 and 2.44 respectively. And North slopes of the three volcanos, have the lowest indexes of rhizosphere bacteria richness and diversity in Dongjiaodebu mountain are 13 and 2.45 respectively; The highest indexes of rhizosphere bacteria richness and diversity in Nangelaqiu Mountain are 16 and 2.69 respectively. The Rhizosphere bacteria richness and diversity index in the south slopes of the three volcanoes Rhizosphere are different from the north slopes. The bacteria homogeneity of the rhizosphere in the south and north slopes of the three volcanos is positively correlated with the volcanic age; and the bacteria homogeneity of the rhizosphere in the north slope of the three volcanos is the same as the north one.Among the southern slopes of the three volcanos, the rhizosphere bacterial richness is significantly positively correlated with the soil organic matter(P<0.05), and the correlative coefficient is 0.839; It is negatively correlated with the soil pH, and the correlative coefficient is 0.776; The index of diversity is positively related to soil organic matter(P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient is 0.85; it is negative correlativity to soil pH, and the correlation coefficient is 0.696. Among north slopes of the three volcanos, the rhizosphere bacteria richness is significantly positively correlated with the soil organic matter(P<0.05), and its correlation coefficient is 0.503; Diversity index is positively related with soil organic matter(P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient is 0.454.Among the three volcanos, the similarity of rhizosphere fungal community structure in Laohei Mountain and East Jiaodebu Mountain is same with 0.31 similarity value; the similarity of rhizosphere fungal community structure in Nangelaqiu Mountain is the highest with 0.33 similarity value. The similarity of the rhizosphere community structure in the south slope of the three volcanos is different from that in the north slope. The south slopes of the three volcanoes have higher indexes of rhizosphere fungus richness and diversity than their northern slopes. On the south slopes of the three volcanoes, the Dongjiaodebu Mountain has the lowest indexes of rhizosphere fungus richness and diversity, which are respectively 14 and 2.57; The Nangelaqiu Mountain has the highest indexes of rhizosphere fungus richness and diversity, which are respectively 19 and 2.92. Among north slopes of the three volcanos, the Nangelaqiu Mountain has the highest indexes of rhizosphere fungus richness and diversity, which are respectively 17 and 2.78. Indexes of rhizosphere fungus richness and diversity of north slopes of the three volcanos are positively correlated with the volcanic age. The south and north slopes of the three volcanos all have the same evenness of rhizosphere fungi, which is 0.99.Among the southern slopes of the three volcanos, the rhizosphere fungi richness is significantly positively correlated with the soil organic matter(P<0.05), and the correlative coefficient is 0.919; the index of diversity is positive relation to soil organic matter(P<0.05), and the correlative coefficient is 0.961. Among north slopes of the three volcanos, the rhizosphere fungi richness is significantly positively correlated with the soil organic matter(P<0.05), with the correlation coefficient of 0.998; index of diversity is positive relation to soil organic matter(P<0.05), with the correlation coefficient of 0.973.Respectively, this study analyzes the relationship between the volcano age and rhizosphere bacteria diversity and link between soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that volcanic age was associated with rhizosphere microbial diversity and soil physical and chemical properties. According to the experimental results and the bond of soil physical and chemical properties, volcano age has inner link with the rhizosphere microbial diversity. This assay provides theoretical basis and data support for the study on volcanic soil process. |
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