Studies On The Pollination Biology And Rhizosphere Microorganisms Of Ferula Ferulaeoides

In order to explored the response mechanism of Ferula to the environment and looked for the environmental factors that may cause the sharp decrease of the number of Ferula,this experiment selected Ferula ferulaeoides as the research object,using a series of ecological principles and means to comprehensively elaborate its environmental adaptability through the exploration of phenology,breeding system,pollination behavior,rhizosphere microorganisms and soil physical and chemical properties of F.ferulaeoides.In the process of research,some limiting factors affecting their growth and development were reasonably judged and speculated in order to lay a foundation for further research on artificial propagation,artificial protection and restoration of Ferula.The main findings are as follows:(1)The single flower flowering period of F.ferulaeoides was 7-10 d,and the whole flowering period was 10-20 d.5 free stamens,2 style,style inflated at base.Ovary inferior,having two Chambers,each with 1 ovule.Hermaphrodite flowers had both male and female ectopia and heterogenesis.Pollinators were abundant,mainly diptera and hymenoptera.The diurnal activity of insects presented a bimodal curve.(2)The diurnal variation of pollen vigor of F.ferulaeoides was a single peak curve,and the pollen vigor reached the strongest at 12:00,which was 82.33%.Stigma pollinability was strongest on the second day after anther pollination.The pollen ovule ratio of hermaphroditic flowers was 2080 ±46.667,and the cross index was 4.5%.The results of hybridization experiment showed that the natural seed setting rate was 72.24%,and there were hybridization and self-crossing phenomenon.The results of OCI and hybridization experiments showed that the main breeding mode was facultative heterogamy and some of them were self-compatible.(3)Bacteria in all soil samples can be divided into 6 genera,8 classes,10 orders,10 families,10 genera.Fungi can be divided into 2 genera,6 classes,10 orders,13 families and 15 genera.There were significant differences in microbial richness in different depths of soil,but the community structure had some similarity.(4)?-diversity analysis showed that the diversity of bacterial communities from high to low was DSAW1 > DSAW2 > DSAW3 and fungi from high to low was DSAW2 > DSAW1 > DSAW3.It can be seen from the thermal map of ?-diversity index that microorganisms in similar soil layer show a certain degree of clustering,indicating that rhizosphere microorganisms show cluster correspondence in the same species to a certain extent.(5)All soil samples were alkaline,and there was no significant difference in PH value among soil samples.The contents of SOC and TN in three plots showed a similar change trend with the change of soil depth.The content of C,N,P in soil was low,there was no significant difference between different soil layers in C/N and C/P.N/P between DSAW1.1 and DSAW1.3 and C/N/P between DSAW1.1 and DSAW3.1 were significant difference.