Study On Comprehensive Harness Of Small Watershed Planning Based On ArcGIS

Water is the source of life, is the survival soil, water and soil resources is the fundamental survival of mankind. However, soil erosion problems always restrict the economic and social development, has become a global environmental problems, and received extensive attention of all mankind.In small watershed as unit and maintains a comprehensive governance, remediation of soil erosion hazards, to promote regional economic development of effective means, is an important content of the construction of the ecological environment.Small watershed comprehensive management planning is the basic work of comprehensive management of soil and water conservation,scientific and soil conservation planning is the basis and premise of comprehensive prevention and control of soil and water loss. Soil and water conservation planning and design is reasonable or not,directly affect the implementation and planning of soil and water maintain the benefits of comprehensive management of give full play.Land use and soil and water conservation measures, under the premise of sustainable development, systematic, organic configuration,not only to local conditions, and to the needs of the times.Generally speaking,traditional planning method taking a long time, the information feedback of its governance is slow, flexibility and dynamism are also poor. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and theoretical value to study the soil and water conservation planning method with dynamic and quick prediction of the control effect.Geographic information system is designed to solve all kinds of complex planning and management problems. Used to support the acquisition of space related data, the management of computer hardware, software systems and processing.GIS systems support foreign data input, such as remote sensing data and can transform data into analysis model can be used. Provides the space analysis of the spatial index quantitative method,the geographic information system with the data layer internal and mutual operation ability,such as based on digital elevation model generates gradient, slope direction,slope length,etc.For comprehensive control of soil and water conservation planning has a greatsupport and auxiliary function. Using GIS technology, to establish a adapt to the computer service system of small watershed management planning, using GIS data collection,analysis and management, can take the place of many everyday the complex information processing, realize the database management of soil and water conservation information,shorten the planning cycle, to save money,to improve the accuracy, timely to meet the need of the water loss and soil erosion control, to make the planning more scientific and feasibility.Based on XiXiang county Luo Jia He small watershed as an example, this paper according to the technical specification of soil and water conservation,using GIS tools to analyze the distribution of the basin soil erosion and land use types and the characteristics of the spatial pattern of dynamic planning method of small watershed were studied,obtained the following results:1、according to the planning of soil and water conservation technical specification and the actual condition of Luo Guhe small watershed, on the analysis of the impact factor on the basis of the characteristics of soil and water loss is put forward with slope, vegetation coverage, soil erosion modulus, the types of land use, soil and water conservation measures of the five parameters as the basin main indicators of soil and water conservation planning.By calculating the plots under different land use and management measures erosion modulus, determine around the block. Planning land use and vegetation growth within the basin changing over time, the changes affected the basin soil erosion evolution direction.And basin in the next step implementation plan need to refer to the evolution of the soil and water loss situation to make decisions.2、implementation of the current situation of soil erosion under the ArcGIS map, land resources evaluation and action plan of the thematic maps mapping, output, and print,enhances the precision and the quality and to guide the project construction.3、benefit analysis is carried out under the ArcGIS, computing, basic ecological benefits and economic benefits, the amount to soil and water conservation, etc.