Development Of Weeding And Banking Machine Between Plastic-film For Potato Ridge-furrow Planting

Mechanical weeding is not only replaces the chemical weeding control in the past, reduces the amount of pesticide application and controls the pollution of agricultural water environment, which conforms to the goal of agricultural development in China in the future, namely “a control two minus three basic”, but also the work efficiency is five times higher than that of the manual weeding. Therefore, mechanical weeding is regarded as an important way of crop cultivation process, and it has been widely used in the global agricultural production in arid region. At present, electric research of weeding and banking machine is still at the starting stage in our country, the majority of cultivation machines adopted traditional diesel or gasoline engine, which has large noise, strong vibration and serious exhaust gas pollution. In addition, the operation of weeding and banking separate independently, which increased production costs and power consumption. Therefore, pointed to the problems as flourish weeds, severe soil compaction, and hardly storage soil moisture at the edge of film, high labor intensity and low working efficiency by artificial weeding and banking under the cultivated pattern in potato ridge-furrow and plastic-mulching planting, a hand-held electric weeding and banking machine was designed for the potato growth at early stage to loosen the soil, weeding, banking and other operations. The paper mainly studied from the following aspects:(1) According to the technology requirements of potato planting patterns, the agricultural requirements of cultivation operation and performance requirements of cultivating machine, a weeding and banking machine between plastic-film for potato ridge-furrow planting was designed, the main structure and working principle of weeding and banking machine were expounded, and confirmed its main technical parameters.(2) A weeding and banking shovel was designed on the basis of existing weeding shovel and banker, the structure and working principle was elaborated, the chief structure parameters were ascertained. Besides, the force analysis of the shovel was conducted by using wedge principle in soil. Finite element statics analysis of shovel handle was carried out by means of Workbench ANSYS software, the maximum deformation occurs at the U type iron which is used to connect with the shovel body, and the maximum value is 0.12 mm. Its maximum stress occurs at the third screw holes of the shovel handle at which fixed on the frame, and the maximum stress value is reached 9.28 MPa, however, the maximum value is far less than the shovel handle material yield stress 355 MPa, the results show that the shovel handle has sufficient strength and stiffness to meet the production needs. In order to guaranteed the safe and stable performance of the whole machine in the operation process, the inherent frequency and vibration shape of frame were researched by using the finite element modal analysis, Analysis showed that the inherent frequencies can effectively avoid all kinds of external excitation frequency.(3) Selecting the driving motor and battery that match with the weeding and banking machine according to the actual power required for machine when weeding and banking, and then calculate the relevant performance parameters. Finally, design the transmission scheme of the whole machine and calculate the relevant parameters.(4) On the basis of theoretical analysis, field test was carried out on potato weeding and banking machine, the whole machine working performance, coordination and operation condition of the components were verified. Furthermore, observe the quality of the operation comprehensively and optimizing the whole machine structure. Field test results showed that the machine also can be completed loosening soil, weeding and banking operation procedure in one time, each operating indicator has reached the design requirements,and the effect of weeding and banking were very good.