Study On The Bioactive Components From The Seeds Of Antiaris Toxicaria

Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch (Moraceae) belongs to the genus of Antiaris, which is commonly known as the upas tree. Hunting with poisoned darts from the latex of A. toxicaria is common among the indigenous peoples of Southeast Asia. In Hainan province of China, the seeds of A. toxicaria are traditionally used for pyretic, diarrhea, and dysentery disease by the people of Li nationality. Phytochemical studies on the latex, seeds, root bark, stem bark, and leaves of A. toxicaria have previously led to the isolation of a series of cardiac glycosides. The cardiac glycosides was reported that possession of antitumor and cardiotonic activities, but was not reported the inhibitory activity against agricultrual pathogen. In an effort to search for new bioactive constituents, chemical constituents and bioactivities of the seeds of A. toxicaria were studied based on bioassay-guided fractionation.Eightheen constituents were isolated from the ethanol extract of the seeds of A. toxicaria by column chromatography, and their structures were identified by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (including MS, IR, UV, 1D and 2D-NMR, etc) as toxicarioside J (1), toxicarioside K (2), toxicarioside L (3), toxicarioside M (4), toxicarioside N (5),7-drimen-3β, 11-diol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), glucostrophalloside (7), periplogenin (8), antialloside (9),β-antiarin (10), antogoside (11), strophanthidin (12), strophalloside (13), stophanthojavoside (14), desglucocheirotoxin (15), convallatoxin (16), antiogenin (17), andβ-daucosterol (18), respectively. Compounds 1-5 were new cardiac glycosides, and compound 6 was a new drimane sesquiterpenoid glycoside.The cytotoxicities of compounds 1-17 were evaluated in vitro using the MTT method. Compounds 1-5 and 7-17 showed significant inhibitory activities towards chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), human gastric carcinoma (SGC-7901) and human hepatoma (SMMC-7721) cell lines. Compound 6 possessed inhibitory effects on K562, SMMC-7721 cell lines and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Compound 7 showed nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivivu. The petroleum ether extract, EtOAc extract, and n-BuOH extract from the seeds of A. toxicaria showed inhibition against ralstonia solanacearum and nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivivu, meanwhile, the The petroleum ether extract and EtOAc extract can inhibit the germination of the spore Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense.