Study On The Glycosides And Their Bioactivities From Dragon’s Blood Of Dracaena Cambodiana

Dragon’s blood is the red resin excreted by its origin plants such as the genus Dracaena (Agavaceae) and so on, when encounter external injury or microbial invasion. As a traditional medicine, Dragon’s blood has the curative effect on activating blood circulation while taken orally, and on muscle regeneration, hemostasis as well as stypsis tumefaction while used externally. So it gains the recognition of the holy medicine on activating blood circulation. Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep is one of the origin plants of Dragon’s blood. On the base of previous study, we further and systematically investigated glycosides in the Dragon’s blood of D. cambodiana, which was taken as experimental material, then evaluated the isolated compounds for their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities to be rich in their biological activities.From the n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract of Dragon’s blood of D. cambodiana,24compounds were isolated and their structures were identified by chemical methods and spectral data as cambodianoside A (1), cambodianoside B (2), cambodianoside C (3), cambodianoside D (4), cambodianoside E (5), cambodianoside F (6), cambodianoside G (7), iosgenin3-O-α-1-rhαmnopyranosy1-(1â†'2)-[α-L-rhαmnopyranosy1-(1â†'3)]-β-D-glucopyran-oside (8), pennogenin3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosy1-(1â†'2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosy1-(1â†'3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (9),(25S)-ruscogenin1-O-α-1-rhamnopyrannosy1-(1â†'2)-[β-D-xylopy-ranosy1-(1â†'3)]-β-D-g1ucopyranoside (10), pregna-5,16-dien-3β-o1-20-one3-O-α-1-rhαmnop-yranosyl-(1â†'2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (11),1β,3β?-dihydroxy-pregna-5,16-dien-20-one1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-a-L-arabinopyranoside (12), neoruscogenin1-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (13), neoruscogenin1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosy-(1â†'2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-a-L-arabinopyranoside (14),24-O-β-D-fucopyranoside-(23S,24S)-spirosta-5,25(27)-dien-1β,3β,23,24-tetrol1-O-α-L-rham-nopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-a-L-arabinopyranoside (15),24-O-β-D-fuc-opyranoside-(235,245)-spirosta-5,25(27)-dien-1β,3^,23,24-tetrol1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl--(1â†'2)-a-L-arabinopyranoside (16),(23S,24,S)-spirosta-5,25(27)-dien-1β,3β,23,24-tetrol1-0-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside (17),24-0-β-D-fucopyranoside-(235,245)-spirosta-5,25(27)-dien-1β,3β,23,24-tetrol1-O-(4-O-acetyl-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1â†'2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-a-L-arabinopyranoside (18), spirost-5,25(27)-dien-1β,3β-diol1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-(4-O-sulfo)-a-L-arabinop-yranoside (19),26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-(25R)-cholesta-5,17-dien-16,22-dione3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (20), cambodianin F (21),1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene (22),1-O-(6-O-α-L- rhammopyranosyl-/^D-glucopyranosyl)-2-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene (23), and1,2-di-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-allylbenzene (24), respectively.Twenty-four glycosides were isolated from the Dragon’s blood of D. cambodiana. Compounds1-20are steroidal glycosides, and21-24are phenylpropanoid glycosides-.1-7and21were identified as new compounds. The pharmacology test indicated that the ethanol extract showed weak cytotoxicities in vitro against K-562, BEL-7402, and SGC-7901cell lines, and the n-butanol fraction showed cytotoxicity against BEL-7402. Compounds8,9and14showed significant cytotoxicities against the three human cancer cell lines. In addition, compounds7,13,14,17, and19showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcu aureus.People do much more work about the component study on the acetoacetate part of Dragon’s blood in D. cambodiana, but little work had done on the n-butanol fraction. In this paper, our team did the latter systematically with the hope of revealing the overall the glycosides of the Dragon’s blood for the first time, and combined with pharmacological testing for being rich in biological activities.