Study On Extraction And Separation Process Of Two Kinds Of Alkaloids And Purification Its Analogues From The Stem And Leaf Of Peganum Harmala L.

Peganum harmala L. is a Chinese traditional medicine of which belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family and commonly found in the northwest region of China. The plant contain many kinds of alkaloids with various pharmacological functions, for example, the treatment of rheumatism, abscesses, inflammatory diseases and so forth. At present, the domestic and overseas scholars have done a lot of work in the chemical composition of camel caravans and biological activity, and got many active compounds. However, these studies mainly focus on the seeds, a huge of stem and leaf resources had been wasted because its stem and leaf was almost not researched. As we know, there are a series of quinazolone alkaloids in Peganum harmala L. and they have very well medicinal activity, such as, repairing damaged nerve, treating diabetes, dilating blood vessels and so on. Therefore, This paper is about the extraction, separation and purification process of vasicine and vasicinone from the stem and leaf of Peganum harmala L. The main results obtained from the experiments were as follows:1. Optimization of the extraction technologyUsing the stem and leaf of Peganum harmala L. as raw material, the content of vasicine and vasicinone was determined. On the basis of single factors tests, the effects of the three factors including concentration of ethanol, temperature and time on the yield of the vasicine and vasicinone of Peganum harmala L. were studied through orthogonal experiment design. The results showed that ethanol concentration of extraction had significant effect on the yield of vasicine and vasicinone. And the temperature of extraction, the time of extraction had no significant effect on the yield of vasicine and vasicinone. The optimum technological parameters were as follows:temperature 40℃, extraction time 30 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:16, ethanol concentration 60% and extraction time 3. The yield of the vasicine and vasicinone was 0.43±0.01mg·g-1 and 1.52±0.05mg·g-1 under the optimum technological parameters.2. The route of separation and purification of vasicine and vasicinone by macroporous resin was obtained.In this part, D101 was choosed to separate and purify the vasicine and vasicinone of Peganum harmala L. Extract concentration, pH, flow rate, extraction volume, eluants of different ethanol concentration and other factors were investigated. The adsorption and desorption crafts of D101 macroporous resin were optimized. The appropriate adsorption conditions are:the extract concentration 0.6g·mL-1, pH9, flow rate 2BV·h-1, adsorption time 8h, the liquid volume and the resin weight ratio of 22:1.The appropriate desorption conditions for vasicine are:30% ethanol used as eluant, pH5, flow rate 3BV·h-1, the volume of eluant 6BV. The appropriate desorption conditions for vasicine is:50% ethanol used as eluant, pH5, flow rate 2BV·h-1, the volume of eluant 5BV. By D101macroporous resin confirmatory test under the best adsorption and desorption conditions, the vasicine and vasicinone of Peganum harmala L. transfer rate can reach 70% and the process is stable.3. The alkaloids of stem and leaf of Peganum harmala L. was studiedSix compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of Peganum harmala L. by column chromatography, recrystallization and so forth. And all of them were identified by contrast to standard compound as follows:vasicine(Ⅰ),Deoxyvasicine (Ⅱ), Harmine (Ⅲ), Harmaline(Ⅳ), vasicinone (Ⅴ) and Deoxyvasicinone (Ⅵ).