Investigation And Ountermeasure Research Factors Harm Oftunnel Construction Occupation Disease

Objective: The study through the investigation of a corps of engineers tunnelconstruction job site, understand the main construction process, occupationhealthmanagement, health and protection of personal situation, identify theworkplace occupationhazards distribution; through detecting and analyzing the main occupation of the existingconstruction in tunnel is harmful factors, grasp itsstrong (strong) and the degree of variation,revealed health risks to the operationand possible; through the questionnaire survey, view thejob and occupationhealth care information, select the item to carry out operationsofficersoccupation health examination, to understand the health conditions of officers andsoldiers. The above data, put forward the scientific prevention measures, to strengthen theforces of occupation health protection work, to provide basis for the establishment of thecharacteristics of the task is suitable for militaryoccupation health protection system.Content: by understanding the basic situation of construction unit personnel, equipment,construction process, as well as the occupation health protection measures to carry outoccupation healthcare, occupation health management system, the occupation healthprotectionwork. Carry out occupation disease construction tunnel hazard detectionandanalysis, the factors include: monitoring of tunnel temperature, pressure,humidity, air andother micro climatic conditions; different working surface TSP concentration monitoring inconstruction of tunnel, rock cut machine hand,construction, electrical, water spraying machinehand, wind machine operator,blasting of respirable dust personal sampling, detection of freesilica content ofeach station contact in respirable dust (to determine whether the silicosis); onthe excavation face, the main channel, between the central initiation, health, outside the caveopening, the officers quarters divided ventilation condition and not the ventilation state radonconcentration monitoring; selection construction of tunnelexcavation, slag, Pai, shotcrete andmain channel5operations carried out in NO,NO2, NH3, SO2, CO, CO2and other commoninorganic harmful gas monitoring and analysis; benzene series pollution situation of mainoperation side were detected in the analysis; to monitor the pollution situation of theconstruction of TVOC tunnel, acquisition of respirable dust and detection of organicingredientsand its load; the rock cut machine, excavator, slag skimming machinehand,spraying machine and Hydropower Engineering5workers Monitoring of noiseexposure; monitoring of whole body vibration on the rock cut machine hand.Development of pulmonaryfunction test on frontline soldiers construction operations, to carry out the investigationquestionnaire on work and subjective health status.Methods:Method: through field investigation, field test, the process of comprehensiveevaluation methods of occupational health examination.Object: to a gallery point forces in north China region of the project;Field investigation, engineering troops tunnel construction process, main occupationalharmful factors in the process of production distribution survey;Site inspection: according to the current state of related specifications, for tunnelengineering forces ShiGongDian on-site occupational harmful factors inspection or beforecollecting data;The occupational health examination, inspection on lung function operation officers andsoldiers;Investigation of occupational health management: for occupational health managementof engineering forces were investigated;Survey content includes: the occupational health management organizations; Theoccupational disease prevention and control measures and implementation; Regularmonitoring of occupational hazard situation; The occupational health situation; Laborer is thepersonal protective equipment; The occupational health education; Occupational healtharchives management, etc.;Results: through field investigation, there are some engineering troopstunnelconstruction occupation disease prevention and control problem for theoccupationdisease prevention and control system is not perfect, personalprotection officers, medicalpersonnel occupation disease prevention and health care work of occupation skill shortagesexist problems such as insufficient.Operations officers subjective health status questionnairesurvey, health workersin the "general" accounted for96%of investigation number, self-ratedhealthscores averaged72(percent), subjective symptoms in the top5for joint pain(39.3%),sweating (36.1%), eye dryness (34.4%), nasal obstruction (27.9%) andpalpitation (26.7%); theprevalence of3previous Bureau for rhinitis (34.8%),arthritis (26.1%), chronic pharyngitis(26.1%), related bad habits including smoking, accounted for78.2%(of which48.7%peoplewere smoking every day,but less than20), alcohol consumption accounted for84.7%;microclimatemonitoring results indicate that air condition in the tunnel under the operationofmechanical, the temperature is14.7℃-19.9℃, humidity is70.4-92.8%, as the windspeed0.100.60m/s, pressure86.2mpa; the results of monitoring the noise shows differentoperations, in addition to stone crushing station and tunnelingworking surface noise occupation health standard strength exceeds the limits, theoperation did not exceed thestandard; the noise average strength of five types of contact are more than80dB (A), the rockcut machine hand, slag skimmingmachine hand noise average strength more than90dB (A),than the occupation hygiene standards stipulated by the state workplace noise level of85dB(A)standard, other types of noise intensity contact did not exceed the standard; the results ofmonitoring the vibration display, displacement operation trolley average value is1.172×10-5m, vibration acceleration averaged0.494g (4.85m/s2);speed is0.0458cm/s, in the Z axison the vertical acceleration level for a minimum of95.19dB, up to124.70dB, average109.17dB, but long-term maximum peak is143.73dB; the monitoring results TSP differentoperation shows that except for total dust concentration standard work surface, otheroperations are more than the national health standards occupation; different types of exposureto free silica content of respirable dust in test results show, rock cut machine hand, theconstruction of more than10%free silica content, blasting hand,hydropower industry andmany other types of contact in respirable dust,determine its contact with dust as silica dust;monitoring results of radon, theconstruction in tunnel excavation face and the initiationbetween radon concentration even if the ventilation conditions are respectively648Bq/m3and790Bq/m3, were higher than the lower limit of remedial action level of radon concentration inthe workplace (500Bq/m3), but not in the way Radon concentration in air conditionrespectively reached3218Bq/m3and3321Bq/m3,more than the workplace radonconcentration of remedial action level caps(1000Bq/m3)3times; monitoring results ofinorganic toxic and harmful gas that,in addition to stone crushing station CO concentrationover occupation hygiene limit, the industry of the inorganic toxic and harmful gasconcentration did not exceed the relevant limits of detection results; benzene series display, Aportcorridor construction in tunnel and B channel slag surface benzene concentrationexceeded the national standard limit value of the occupation, working face threebenzeneconcentration did not exceed the standard; the monitoring results ofsurface TVOCconcentration of different operations, in addition to the dangeroutside, other operations in theface of all the quality indicators indoor air limitsthan in different time, except for the TVOCconcentration of slag surface,spraying operation and stone crushing station relative to otheroperations in the face of high; particulate load analysis of organic components shows,insidesurface of the particles in the air load a variety of organic compounds, mainly in thenormal alkane hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene;pulmonaryfunction operation and test results showed, the Ministry of construction workers and lungfunction were within the normal range (measured and pre Value than>80%is normal).Conclusion: there are a variety of occupation disease harm factors includingradon gas, dust, poisonous and harmful gas, noise and vibration, a corps of engineers tunnel constructionwork, occupation disease prevention existingorganization system is not perfect, occupationhazards regular monitoring system in the occupation health protection work difficult toimplement, and personalprotection, occupation disease prevention and control skills ofmedical personnelissues such as, the occupation disease prevention and control work is notoptimistic. The cause of health protection in engineering units tunnel operationsexist manyproblems, not only making factor is not perfect relevant rules and regulations and healthstandards, technical specifications, there are factorsleading organs and relevant healthinstitutions management, supervision is not in place; both have adverse factor engineeringproject itself in the face of natural,technological, also there are reasons related to healthprotection measures is notscience. The construction units from the control and protectionmeasures,improving workplace occupation hazards to speed up construction,militaryoccupation disease prevention related regulations and technical standards to acceleratethe construction of occupation disease prevention and controlmanagement system, perfectoccupation health education, strengthen theselection to strengthen the study of protectivemeasures of health forceoccupation and explore solutions occupation health services afterdischargeoperations officers and soldiers to strengthen the occupation health and protectionengineering troops.